ʻO nā ʻāpana i helu ʻole ʻia ʻo ia wale nō nā ʻāpana i helu ʻole ʻia ma kekahi o nā mākeke kapikala.
Loaʻa naʻe kēia mau waiwai ma nā kahua ʻokoʻa.
E haʻi aku kēia ʻatikala iā ʻoe i nā mea āpau e pili ana i kēia mau ʻoihana i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia a pehea e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻolilo maʻalahi iā lākou.
No laila, me ka hoʻokaʻulua ʻole, e hele pololei kākou.
He aha nā mahele i helu ʻole ʻia?
ʻO nā ʻāpana i helu ʻole ʻia he mau Securities a i ʻole nā huahana kālā i helu ʻole ʻia ma ke kumukūʻai. Kūʻai ʻia lākou ma ka mākeke over-the-counter (OTC) a ua kapa ʻia ʻo OTC securities.
ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka pilikia e pili ana i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka mākeke kūʻai ma mua o nā mākeke OTC ma muli o ka hoʻoponopono kūpono o ka SEBI, ke kumu kūʻai o ka mākeke, a me ka ʻike maopopo.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻohe ʻano wehe a i ʻole ka mana i loko o ka papa inoa ʻole. No laila, pono e nānā pono nā mea hoʻopukapuka ma mua o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kēia ʻāpana.
Nā ʻano o nā waihona kālā i helu ʻole ʻia
ʻAʻole kūʻai ʻia nā mea hana kālā i kū ʻole i nā kūlana papa inoa ma kahi hoʻololi kūhelu.
Hoʻopuka pinepine ʻia nā securities i papa inoa ʻole ʻia e nā hui liʻiliʻi a i ʻole makemake ʻole e pili i nā lula hoʻololi kūhelu, e like me nā palena o ka mākeke a i ʻole nā koina papa inoa.
Eia hou, pono e hoʻopuka ka ʻoihana i kekahi helu o nā ʻāpana a pono e hiki ke uku no kāna papa inoa ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka lehulehu.
I kekahi manawa, ʻo nā hui ʻē aʻe i makemake ʻole e hoʻouna i nā hōʻike SEC, mai papa inoa iā lākou iho ma ka mākeke kūʻai.
Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, kūʻai pinepine ʻia kahi kumukūʻai nominal ma ka OTCBB a i ʻole nā lau ʻulaʻula a ʻo ia kekahi o ka palekana kaulana ʻole. Loaʻa kēia i nā waihona peni hiki ke kūʻai aku no nā kumukūʻai liʻiliʻi.
He nui nā mea kūʻai ʻole, ʻaʻole i helu ʻia, e like me nā swaps, nā palekana aupuni, a me nā mea paʻa hui, ke kālepa pū ʻia ma ka mākeke OTC.
He Alakaʻi ʻAi ʻAi ʻAi no ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā ʻāpana i helu ʻole ʻia
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻanuʻu ʻehiku e wāwahi i ke kaʻina hana hoʻopukapuka no nā ʻāpana inoa ʻole:
1. Nā Koina moʻokāki Demat a me Kālepa
Pono ʻia kahi moʻokāki Demat a me kahi moʻokāki kālepa inā ʻo ia kou manawa mua e hoʻopukapuka i nā ʻāpana i helu ʻole ʻia.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i kekahi CDSL a i ʻole NSDL i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia kālepa a me Demat moʻokāki. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai a kūʻai aku paha i nā lāʻau i helu ʻole ʻia ma o ka ʻoihana hoʻolaha e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka moʻokāki Demat no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou e hana i ia mau waiwai.
ʻO nā waihona kālā ʻelua o ka lāhui, ʻo CDSL a me NSDL, ke kuleana koʻikoʻi i kēia kūlana. Hoʻouna ʻia nā equities i kāu moʻokāki Demat ke kūʻai ʻoe i nā securities unlisted.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka MyEasi App mai CDSL a i ʻole ka noi NSDL e nānā like.
2. E koho i ka Intermediary maikaʻi loa
ʻO ka pae aʻe ke koho ʻana i ke kikowaena kūpono, ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻanuʻu koʻikoʻi i loko o ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i nā waihona i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia mai nā ʻano waena. ʻO kēia nā:
- Pika
- ʻoihana PMS
- Promoters\sEquity Investors in crowdfunding platforms/Angel Funds
- ʻO nā limahana e hana nei no ka hui a loaʻa iā lākou nā ESOP
ʻO nā mea kūʻai aku e pili ana i kēia mau ʻāpana ke ala maʻalahi loa e hoʻopukapuka i nā ʻāpana i helu ʻole ʻia, no ka mea hiki ke maʻalahi.
Kūʻai kēia mau ʻoihana brokerage i nā ʻāpana mai nā ʻoihana e ʻimi nei e kūʻai aku i kā lākou waiwai. A laila hāʻawi lākou i nā ʻāpana no ke kūʻai ʻana i nā mea kūʻai aku, kōkua i ke kūʻai ʻana a kūʻai aku i nā ʻāpana, a nānā i ke kumukūʻai o kēia mau ʻāpana i helu ʻole ʻia.
3. Ka Loiloi Waiwai
Pono ʻoe e hilinaʻi i kēia mau brokers no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ke kumukūʻai o kēia mau ʻāpana ma ka pūnaewele a i ʻole ma kahi hoʻololi. Ke kau nei kēia mau brokers i kahi hoʻonohonoho o nā uku no ka hoʻololi ʻana i kā lākou lawelawe.
Mai kekahi broker a i kekahi, ʻokoʻa nā uku. No laila pono ʻoe e hoʻohālikelike i nā kumukūʻai a me nā lawelawe a lākou e hāʻawi nei. Pono ʻoe e ʻike i nā mahele inoa ʻole a lākou e hana nei.
4. Kūkākūkā Hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi kauoha
Kūʻai ʻia nā kumukūʻai i helu ʻole ʻia ma luna o ke kūʻai. No laila, inā makemake ʻoe e hoʻokomo iā lākou, pono ʻoe e kūkākūkā i ke kumukūʻai me ka mea waena.
A laila, hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai aku no ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa a kūʻai paha i nā ʻāpana, no ka laʻana, ma Rs. 120 no ka mahele.
E hoʻi mai ka mea waena iā ʻoe inā hāʻule ke kumukūʻai ma lalo o Rs. 100, a hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopau maʻalahi i ke kālepa. E like me ke kūʻai ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopaʻa i ke kūʻai ʻana i kāu mau ʻāpana a hiki i ke kumukūʻai i makemake ʻia.
5. Kau Kauoha
Aia nā kauoha i ka helu o nā ʻāpana āu e makemake ai e kūʻai a kūʻai aku a me ke kumukūʻai āu e makemake ai e hana pēlā.
A laila e loiloi ka mea waena i ke kauoha ma mua o ka hana ʻana. Hiki ke kau ʻia nā kauoha ma ke kelepona, a i ʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke kelepona i ke kanaka waena (a i ʻole e hoʻouna iā lākou i leka) a hāʻawi i nā ʻike āpau. E nānā kākou i ka papa inoa o nā palapala i koi ʻia e hoʻopau i ke kauoha.
6. Pono ka waiho ʻana i nā palapala.
No ke kūʻai ʻana a me ke kūʻai ʻana i nā ʻāpana, pono nā pepa penei:
- Kāleka Pan
- KĀLI AADHAAR
- Kope Kumu a ka mea kūʻai aku
- Hoʻopau ʻia ka hōʻoia
Ma waho aʻe o ka pepa i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei, pono ka Delivery Instruction Slip (DIS) e kūʻai aku i nā ʻāpana i helu ʻole ʻia.
ʻO CMC kahi palapala i loaʻa nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi i ka helu o nā ʻāpana i kūʻai ʻia, ke kumukūʻai no kēlā me kēia mahele, a me ka huina holoʻokoʻa.
Pēlā nō, ʻo ka helu o nā ʻāpana āu i manaʻo ai e kūʻai aku, ke kumu kūʻai noiʻi, a me ka huina o nā loaʻa kūʻai aku i ʻōlelo ʻia ma DIS. Hāʻawi ka intermediary/broker i kēia mau palapala ʻelua.
ʻO ka hana penultimate, e pili ana i ka hoʻoili ʻana o nā ʻāpana a me ka uku, aia i kou lima e like me kāu e hana ai i ka uku aʻe.
E hoʻomaka ana ka middleman i kāu kūʻai i ka wā i loaʻa ai ka uku. Aia nā ʻāpana i kāu moʻokāki Demat i loko o ʻelua mau lā hana.
I mea e kūʻai aku ai i kēia mau ʻāpana, pono ʻoe e hoʻoili mua iā lākou i ka moʻokāki o ka mea waena a i ʻole pololei i kahi moʻokāki a kekahi mea hoʻopukapuka, a laila e waiho i nā mea i loaʻa i kāu waihona kālā.
Hoʻopau ka hana i ka wā e loaʻa ai iā ʻoe nā ʻāpana, ʻoiai ʻoe e kūʻai aku iā lākou, a i ʻole ke kālā, ke kūʻai aku ʻoe iā lākou.
Nā ala e hoʻokomo ai i nā ʻoihana i helu ʻole ʻia
Hiki iā ʻoe ke komo i kahi hui pilikino ma mua o kāna Initial Public Offering (IPO) ma ke kūʻai ʻana i kāna mau ʻāpana inoa ʻole. ʻO nā loaʻa i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā kumu nui e kūʻai ai nā mea hoʻopukapuka i kēia mau ʻāpana.
Hāʻawi nā ʻoihana i nā kumukūʻai hoʻemi ma kēia mau ʻāpana e kiʻi i nā mea hoʻopukapuka e kūʻai i kahi hapa nui o kā lākou mau ʻāpana i helu ʻole ʻia. E piʻi aʻe ke kumukūʻai o kēia mau ʻāpana i ka IPO, no laila e waiwai ai nā mea hoʻopukapuka mua.
No ka mea hiki ke hoʻololi wale ʻia nā ʻāpana i papa inoa ʻole ʻia, pono e loaʻa i ka poʻe a pau e makemake e kūʻai i kahi moʻokāki Demat. Hōʻoia kēia i ka wehe ʻana o ka ʻoihana ʻoihana, ka palekana o ka mea hoʻopukapuka kālā, a me ke aupuni.
E ʻike kākou i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka hoʻopukapuka kālā ʻana i nā hui inoa ʻole.
1. Ma o Middlemen a me Startups
ʻO ke kūʻai ʻana i ka papa inoa ʻole ma ka pūnaewele he koho maʻamau no nā ʻoihana. Hāʻawi pinepine lākou i kā lākou kaulike ma luna o kā lākou pūnaewele.
ʻO ka maʻamau, ka liʻiliʻi o Rs. Pono ʻo 50,000 e lilo i ʻāpana o ka ʻoihana i ka wā mua. Eia naʻe, pili wale kēia i ka ʻoihana.
ʻŌlelo a Aayush:
ʻO ka manawa wale nō aʻu i kūʻai ai i nā ʻāpana inoa ʻole o kahi hui ʻO Dezerv. ʻO nā ʻāpana aʻu i kūʻai ai no kahi hui i kapa ʻia ʻo boAt.
2. Ma o na limahana
Hāʻawi ka hapa nui o nā hui kūʻokoʻa i kā lākou mau hoʻolālā kuleana waiwai (ESOP) e mālama iā lākou a hāʻawi iā lākou i ka manaʻo o ka kuleana. No laila, loaʻa pū kēia mau ʻāpana inoa ʻole i nā limahana.
ʻO ia ke ʻano hiki iā ʻoe ke noi wale i kāu mau hoaaloha a ʻohana paha e kiʻi iā ʻoe i nā ʻāpana o ia mau hui.
3. Ma o na Hui Waiwai
No ka mea ʻaʻole maʻalahi nā ʻāpana i papa inoa ʻole ʻia, hoʻolilo nā ʻoihana kālā i ke kālā he nui i loko o lākou. ʻO kahi mea hoʻopukapuka kālā me ka nui o ke kapena a me ka hoʻomanawanui koʻikoʻi no laila e hoʻokomo maʻamau i nā ʻāpana i helu ʻole ʻia ma o kahi ʻoihana kālā.
4. Nā Papahana No ka Crowdfunding
He hana maʻamau kēia i nā hoʻomaka ʻana no ka mea e hiki ai i kahi hui nui o nā mea hoʻopukapuka kālā ke hoʻohui i kā lākou waiwai a me nā hoʻomaka kālā e hoʻololi i ka pākēneka o kā lākou papa inoa ʻole. Hoʻolilo kēia mau mea hoʻopukapuka kālā i kēia mau ʻoihana no ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kaulike.
Pehea e koho ai i nā ʻoihana inoa ʻole
Loaʻa nā ala like ʻole e koho i ke ala kūpono loa e hoʻopukapuka i nā ʻoihana inoa ʻole. E nānā iā lākou ma lalo nei.
1. E noiʻi i nā ʻoihana Futuristic
Ke kū nei kēia ma ke ʻano he kumu kumu no ka hoʻopukapuka kālā. E ʻimi i nā ʻoihana o ka lā ʻapōpō e hoʻokomo kālā ai. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻaʻole nui nā hui ma ka mākeke, a aia lākou i ko lākou wā ʻōpiopio.
ʻO nā pāʻani, SaaS, Fintech, e-commerce, a me nā ʻoihana kaulana ʻē aʻe i hoʻokomo ʻia i ka papa inoa o nā hoʻopukapuka i nā makahiki.
2. E ʻike i ka mea nāna i hoʻopukapuka kālā
Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā ʻoihana kahi e komo hou ai kekahi mau mea hoʻokumu kaulana o nā hoʻomaka kūleʻa i nā mākeke a lākou e kākoʻo ai. Inā makemake ʻoe, hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i nā tycoons ʻoihana koʻikoʻi i hoʻolilo iā lākou.
ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, loaʻa i kēia mau mea hoʻopukapuka ʻānela ke ʻimi i nā ʻoihana e lilo i kūleʻa nui i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Eia kekahi, loaʻa iā lākou kahi hui holoʻokoʻa o nā mea hoʻopukapuka e hoʻokō i nā pono kūpono a pau e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai i kā lākou hoʻopukapuka ʻana i nā lima maikaʻi.
3. ʻO nā hui e hele ana i ka lehulehu
Hiki i nā ʻoihana kokoke i ka hele ʻana i ka lehulehu ke loaʻa ka lanakila hoʻokūkū ma luna o kā lākou kumu kūʻai. Eia naʻe, ʻo kēia kekahi o nā pono he nui. Ua paʻi mua ka hapa nui o kēia mau ʻoihana i kā lākou DRHP.
ʻO kēia mau moʻolelo, i ʻike pinepine ʻia he holy grails, aia nā ʻike pili āpau e pili ana i ka hui. Hoʻohui ʻia, mālama ʻia lākou ma ka ʻoihana a he mau lālā o nā ʻoihana i helu mua ʻia.
4. ʻAihue
He mea koʻikoʻi ka liquidity i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā ʻoihana i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia. Loaʻa i nā hui wai ka nui o nā mea hoʻopukapuka hoihoi a me nā puke kālepa koʻikoʻi.
5. Pre IPO Investment
Ke kūʻai a kūʻai ʻana paha i nā ʻāpana ʻoihana ma mua o ka hoʻolaha mua ʻana o ka lehulehu (IPO) i ka mākeke pre-IPO. ʻAʻohe wahi kūʻai kālā kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i kēia mau ʻāpana no ka mea ʻaʻole kūʻai ʻia lākou ma ka mākeke ākea.
Hiki ke kūʻai ʻia nā ʻāpana i helu ʻole ʻia ma o nā mea hoʻolaha a me nā papa hana kūikawā i ka ʻimi ʻana a me ka waiho ʻana i nā ʻāpana inoa ʻole ma ka mākeke. Ma waho aʻe o ke kūʻai ʻana i nā ʻāpana mai nā mea hoʻopukapuka hou a makemake nui hoʻi, hāʻawi pū nā mea hoʻolaha a me nā paepae i nā hoʻolālā koho koho limahana (ESOP).
Ua wehe ʻia ka mākeke pre-IPO i kēia manawa a hiki ke loaʻa i ka lehulehu. Aia nā wahi kūʻai pūnaewele kahi e hiki ai i nā mea hoʻopukapuka ke kūʻai i nā ʻāpana inoa ʻole mai nā hui, me Analah Capital, TradeUnlisted, a me Unlistedkart. Mālama ʻia nā ʻāpana o kēia mau ʻoihana i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia ma kahi moʻokāki Demat.
ʻO ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o kēia hoʻopukapuka ʻana paha ma waena o Rs.25,000 a me Rs.50,000, e like me ka Unlistedkart, ma muli o ka papa inoa ʻole. ʻAʻole i kuhikuhi nā paepae hoʻopukapuka ʻē aʻe i kahi koi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
Hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā ʻāpana pre-IPO āpau no ʻeono mahina ma hope o ka lā o ka papa inoa ʻana, a me ka hahai ʻana i nā lula o ka mea hoʻoponopono mākeke o India. Hōʻike ia ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai aku i nā equities ma mua o ka hala ʻana o ʻeono mahina ma hope o ka lā papa inoa.
ʻO nā palekana no ka wā pōkole he mau mea i helu ʻole ʻia i kūʻai ʻia ma lalo o 24 mau mahina. ʻauhau ʻia nā mea i loaʻa ma kahi ʻauhau ʻauhau e pili ana iā ʻoe a me ka loaʻa kālā o ke kanaka. Ma hope o ka helu ʻana, ʻo ka uku ʻauhau ma nā loaʻa kālā lōʻihi, inā kūʻai ʻia ma hope o 24 mau mahina, he 20 pakeneka.
He mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo ʻaʻole paʻa a paʻa ʻole nā māhele papa inoa ʻole, no laila ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai koke aku iā lākou. No ka mea ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea pāʻani ʻoihana i ka mākeke pre-IPO a ʻoi aku ka lohi o kā lākou mau kālepa, kūʻai aku i nā ʻāpana a loaʻa kālā i kēlā me kēia hola o ka lā he paʻakikī.
ʻO nā hemahema o ke kūʻai ʻana i nā ʻāpana o nā ʻoihana i helu ʻole ʻia
ʻAʻole ʻo ke kūʻai ʻana i nā ʻāpana i helu ʻole ʻia he ala ʻoiaʻiʻo i ka holomua. ʻAʻole pono kēlā me kēia ʻoihana i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia i kēia manawa e lilo i mea hana waiwai.
Ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻike i loaʻa, ʻo ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka waiwai kūpono o nā ʻāpana o nā ʻoihana i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia he paʻakikī hoʻi. Eia kekahi, ʻo ke kūʻai ʻana i nā ʻāpana i kahi ʻoihana i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia e lawe pū kekahi i kekahi mau pilikia.
ʻOiai ke hele nei ʻoe e kūʻai aku i nā ʻāpana o ia mau ʻoihana, hiki ke paʻakikī inā ʻaʻole i papa inoa ʻia kahi hui i papa inoa ʻole ʻia. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, hiki ke loaʻa nā pilikia liquidity.
ʻO nā ʻāpana o nā ʻoihana ʻaʻole kālepa ma nā hoʻololi waiwai kaulana e ʻauhau ʻia ma ka uku kiʻekiʻe, e hōʻemi ana i kāu mau palena waiwai. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau ʻāpana i kahi moʻokāki Demat e lawe pū ana i kahi kumukūʻai kūpono.
Panina
Inā ʻoe i loko o nā mākeke kūʻai no kekahi manawa, pono ʻoe e makaʻala i ka hiki ke pilikia i ia mau waiwai. ʻOiai palekana nā mākeke kūʻai a ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo i nā scammers, aia kona kino hoʻoponopono ponoʻī, SEBI.
ʻO ke kūʻai ʻana i nā ʻāpana i helu ʻole ʻia he pilikia paha i nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā mea kālepa, ʻoiai lākou e kū nei i nā scams he nui. ʻO kēia no ka mea ʻaʻole i hoʻoponopono ʻia kēia mau ʻāpana e SEBI.
No laila, hiki iā ʻoe ke noʻonoʻo i kēia ma nā ʻano ʻelua: Aloha ʻoe i kēia hui inoa ʻole a ʻike i nā kumu waiwai āpau, a i ʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke koho e hoʻolilo i ka nui āu e hiki ai ke lilo. Manaʻolana ʻoe i kēia manawa ua ʻike ʻoe i ka A a Z o ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana i nā ʻāpana o nā ʻoihana i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia ma India.
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