California, dziko la Golide ku United States, lomwe lili ndi chuma chambiri cha $ 3.4 thililiyoni (2021), limadziwika ndi Silicon Valley, nyengo yabwino, magombe amchenga, zokopa alendo, ndi masitudiyo aku Hollywood.
California idakumana ndi kuthamangitsidwa kwa golide mu 1848, zomwe zidapangitsa anthu ambiri kukhazikika m'boma. Kusamuka kwakukulu ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha anthu kunayenerera California ku boma ku 1850. Ndipo pambuyo pake, inakhala nyumba yamakampani apamwamba a Silicon Valley monga Apple, Microsoft, Google, Tesla, ndi zina zotero.
Komabe, m’zaka zaposachedwapa, yakumana ndi mavuto aakulu azachuma, omwe akhudza chuma cha boma ndi anthu onse.
California Economy in Present
California ikutsogola ku US pankhani ya mapulogalamu, magalimoto, ukadaulo wa digito, kuyenda kwamakono, chilengedwe, ndi mafakitale apamlengalenga. Kuphatikiza apo, popeza ili pagombe lakumadzulo kwa US, imatengedwa ngati khomo lakumaso pakati pa United States, Pacific Rim, ndi msika womwe ukutuluka waku Asia.
Komabe, mliriwu utabwera, chuma cha California chidayamba kukumana ndi zopinga.
Tiyeni tiwunike zifukwa ndi ramifications mwatsatanetsatane.
Mliri wa kachilombo ka corona
California inali dziko loyamba ku United States kukakamiza kutseka, ndikuwongolera nkhondo yolimbana ndi coronavirus. Koma mfundo zolakwika zaboma komanso njira zothanirana ndi mliriwu zidakhudza kwambiri miyoyo ya anthu komanso chuma.
Pokhala dziko lalikulu komanso losiyanasiyana ku US, anthu 39 miliyoni adakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mliriwu.
Boma lidanenanso za milandu 3.9 miliyoni mu 2021, yomwe ndi 11.0% ya milandu yonse mdziko muno komanso pafupifupi 10.5% yaimfa (imfa 63,891), malinga ndi California Dipatimenti Yathanzi.
Kuphatikiza apo, kutsekeka komwe akuluakulu aku California akukhazikitsa kudakweza kuchuluka kwa kusowa kwa ntchito ndi 16%. Zotsatira zake, chuma chaboma chidataya ntchito zopitilira 2.5 miliyoni, zomwe zidakhudza kwambiri mafakitale opanga ku California.
Ntchito zokopa alendo ku California, mahotela, kupanga zoulutsira mawu, komanso mafakitale a moyo wawo zidakumananso ndi vuto lalikulu chifukwa chakutsekeka kwakukulu.
Kupatula apo, popeza California imadalira kwambiri ntchito zaulimi kuposa mayiko ena aliwonse, gawo laulimi lidakumana ndi zotayika zambiri, makamaka pamakampani ang'ombe, mkaka, ndi nyama. M'zaka zanthawi zonse, ntchito zamafamu zimachuluka kwambiri m'mwezi wa June ku California, koma panthawi ya mliri wa 2020-21, ziwerengero zidatsika kwambiri chifukwa cha zomwe boma lidalamula kuti azikhala kunyumba.
Kutuluka Kwakukulu kwa Makampani Akuluakulu
Makampani akuluakulu apamwamba monga HP, Oracle, Apple, Palantir, ndi SpaceX akumanga fakitale yawo yayikulu ku Austin, Texas. Makampani oposa 1800 adasamutsa likulu lawo kuchoka ku California kokha ku 2016. Makampani ena akuluakulu - Toyota, Nestlé, Charles Schwab, ndi Jamba juice adasamukira kale likulu lawo ku Texas ku 2018.
Kodi chifukwa chanji chakusamuka kwa ma MNC apamwambawa kuchokera ku California ndi chiyani?
Misonkho, ndalama zogulira nyumba, ndi mtengo wokhala ku California ndizokwera ndi 50 peresenti kuposa m'maiko ena a meidan. Pomwe ntchito zaboma, kuphatikiza zaumoyo ndi masukulu, sizikugwirizana ndi mayiko ena.
M'mbuyomu, panalibe njira ina yoti makampani apamwamba asamukire. Koma tsopano atha kusamukira ku Houston ndi Texas, kupatsa makampaniwa mwayi wabwinoko komanso misonkho yotsika.
Kuphatikiza apo, makampani aukadaulo wapamwamba adakumana ndi malamulo okhwima a Akuluakulu aku California panthawi ya mliri, kuphatikiza kulamula kuti azikhala kunyumba kwa ogwira ntchito komanso kutseka mokakamiza, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti ndalama ziwonongeke. Pakadali pano, mayiko ena adalola apongozi am'mafakitale awa.
Pomwe ma Democrat ali ndi chiwongola dzanja chambiri m'nyumba zonse ziwiri zaku California State, anthu amagawika pamabizinesi awo, pomwe ochepa amawatcha kuti mfundo zopita patsogolo ndipo ena amakayikira ndipo amatcha boma kuti ndi losakonda bizinesi. Ma Democrat ndi olimba pakugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, kutulutsa magalimoto, komanso zotsekera madzi ndipo amakhazikitsa malamulo okhwima pamafakitale oyipitsa, zomwe zimapangitsa California kukhala yokwera mtengo kuchita nayo bizinesi.
Misonkho: Kuyendetsa nsalu za Industrial California
California imadalira kwambiri misonkho yoperekedwa ndi anthu olemera komanso misonkho yayikulu pamiyezo yonse poyerekeza ndi mayiko ena ku US. Mwachitsanzo, California ili ndi misonkho yayikulu yamabizinesi ndi njira zovuta zopumula pamisonkho yamisonkho.
Pomwe mayiko ena asanu ndi anayi aku US salipira msonkho pamalipiro awo, mosiyana ndi California.
Izi zikuwonjezera mtengo wamoyo wa ogwira ntchito kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, antchito awiri mwa atatu aliwonse m'mafakitale onse ku California akuyang'ana kuti azikhala kunja kwa boma ngati apeza mwayi wopeza ntchito kunyumba.
Kuchoka kwa Makampani: Zokhudza Economy ya California
California imalandira ndalama zabwino kuchokera kwa omwe amapeza bwino kwambiri ndipo imadalira kwambiri misonkhoyi. Malinga ndi a Franchise Tax Board yaku California, opambana kwambiri 0.5 peresenti ya omwe amapeza ndalama zambiri, ambiri aiwo m'gawo laukadaulo, amalipira. 40% ya msonkho wa boma.
Komabe, kuchotsedwa kwaposachedwa kwamakampani akuluakulu kukhudza kwambiri chuma cha boma la California.
Monga fanizo, New Jersey State idayenera kusintha bajeti yake chifukwa Billionaire m'modzi adachoka. Tangoganizirani momwe chuma cha California chikukhudzira chuma cha California pomwe mabiliyoni ngati Elon Musk asintha makampani awo kupita ku Texas.
Chifukwa chake, ngati California sisintha malamulo opumula misonkho amakampani apamwambawa, ntchito, moyo, ndi ndalama zomwe boma limapereka zitha kutha.
Pamene kutsika kwachuma kwa 2008 kunatha, zidatengera California zaka zisanu kuti ifike kutsika kwapitako. California idalandira ndalama zochepera $50 biliyoni za msonkho m'zaka zisanuzo, ndipo boma lidakakamizidwa kubweza podula California ndi $ 45 biliyoni m'mapulogalamu osamalira anthu.
Mukuwona, tikukamba za mabiliyoni a madola, omwe adzauma kuchokera m'thumba la California ndi kutuluka kwakukulu kwa makampani aukadaulo awa.
Chilala cha California Chikukulitsa Chuma Chake.
Chuma cha California cha $3.4 biliyoni chidayamba kumva kutentha kwachilala komanso Kusintha kwanyengo m'zaka zaposachedwa.
Dzikoli lakhala likukumana ndi chilala choopsa m’zaka zingapo zapitazi, ndipo chakhala chikupitirira kwa zaka zambiri. Palibe madzi okwanira kwa eni nyumba, makampani opanga zinthu, eni nyumba, mafakitale a nsomba, ndi ulimi.
Popeza madera akumidzi amadalira kwambiri madzi apansi panthaka pa ulimi, kuchepa kwa madzi kudzafika poipa kwambiri m’zaka zikubwerazi.
Mofananamo, ku Southern California, komwe kumadalira kwambiri Mtsinje wa Colorado chifukwa cha madzi ake, mlingo wa madzi wakhala ukutsika kwa nthawi yaitali. Analetsanso kuthirira kapinga kangapo pamlungu.
Public Policy Institute of California inanena kuti California inali ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 3.5 Fahrenheit poyerekeza ndi zaka za zana la 20. Zinapangitsa kuti chiwonjezeko cha 8% cha kufunikira kwa madzi mu 2021.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuchepa kwa mvula kwawonjezera kuchuluka kwa moto wa nkhalango m'zaka zingapo zapitazi, zomwe zikupangitsa kuti chuma chiwonongeke komanso kutayika kwa chuma.
Mavuto Ogulitsa Malo ku California
California, mwa kuyerekezera konse, ndi yochepa nyumba 3-4 miliyoni. Kutsina mchere pabala, kukwera mtengo kwa moyo kwapangitsa kuti zinthu zikhale zovuta kwa ogwira ntchito m'makampani akuluakulu apamwamba. Zili zoipitsitsa kwa onse awiri popeza mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono amafuna phindu, ndipo ngati makampani alemba ntchito anthu m'boma, amayenera kulipira malipiro apamwamba, motero amachepetsa phindu lawo.
Poyerekeza, mayiko ena ku US ndi otsika mtengo kwambiri pomanga nyumba ndikukhala poyerekeza ndi California.
Kuti timvetsetse momwe vuto la Real-Estate la ku California liri lowopsa, tiyeni tiwone zambiri zochokera ku White House, zomwe zimati California ndi theka (47%) la anthu osatetezedwa ku US. Anthu osauka a ku California, omwe sangakwanitse kupeza malo ogona, amakakamizika kukhala m’misewu ndi m’magalimoto. Zotsatira zake, anthu ochokera m'magulu opeza ndalama zapakati komanso otsika amafufuzanso njira ina yopita ku California.
Kodi Economy yaku California Ikupita Pakugwa Kwachuma?
Kwa nthawi zingapo, aku Republican akhala akuumirira kuti chuma chawo chikulowera pansi. GDP yaku California idachita mgwirizano molunjika kotala kotala la chaka cha 2022, malinga ndi mbiri yazachuma yofalitsidwa ndi Boma la Federal la California mu August.
Ntchito: Chiwopsezo cha kusowa kwa ntchito ku California chinali 4.2%, kuposa avareji yadziko lonse ya 3.6%, ndipo ndi 10th apamwamba kwambiri ku United States.
Khalidwe la ogula: Chiwopsezo cha kuchepa kwachuma chikachulukirachulukira, Ogula mwachibadwa amapewa kugula zinthu ndikuyamba kukonzekera powonjezera ndalama zomwe amasunga.
Lipoti lofalitsidwa ndi kafukufuku wa Bungwe la Conference Board ku New York mu August limasonyeza kuti chidaliro cha ogula chakhala chikutsika kwa miyezi itatu yapitayi, yomwe ingakhale ndi zotsatira zowonongeka m'kupita kwanthawi.
Kukwera kwa mitengo ndi chiwongola dzanja: Mitengo ya ogula idawoneka pa 9.1 peresenti mchaka chandalama chino. Kudumpha kwapachaka kumeneku ndi kwakukulu kwambiri kuyambira 1981. Panthawi imeneyi, wogula amapewa kulipira mitengo yokwera ndi chiwongoladzanja, zomwe pamapeto pake zimalepheretsa kukula kwachuma.
Kukonzekera Kwanthawi yayitali: Dziko la US lili ndi ngongole zambiri ku Gross Domestic Product ratio. Zikuwoneka kuti zikuchulukirachulukira m'miyezi ingapo ikubwerayi, ndikupanga chiwongola dzanja chachikulu cha federal ndikupangitsanso chiwongolero chachikulu cha ngongole.
Chifukwa chake kuchokera kuzomwe tafotokozazi, zikuwonekeratu kuti chuma cha California, ngati sichikuyenda bwino, sichikuyenda bwino ndipo zitha kuvutikira kwakanthawi.
Kodi Economy yaku California ikuyenda bwanji tsopano?
M'zaka zingapo zapitazi, tidakumana ndi vuto la coronavirus, ndipo kusokonekera kwachuma kudapangitsa anthu ambiri kufunafuna malo ena abwino oti asamukire. Nanga California ikuchita bwanji tsopano, ndipo ipitilira?
Chidule cha Economic of Present California Economy:
Makampani a Hotelo
California idakumana ndi vuto lalikulu pantchito yake yama hotelo kuyambira chiyambi cha mliri wa coronavirus. Komabe, idayamba kuchitira umboni alendo mu Marichi 2022, pomwe zokopa alendo zidafika pachimake. Kufika kwa alendo kudzapitilirabe mtsogolo ngati sipadzakhalanso mafunde a coronavirus ndikuletsa zochitika, zomwe zitha kukhala nkhani yabwino kumakampani azokopa alendo ku California.
Makampani akunja ndi zosangalatsa
California, yotchuka chifukwa cha magombe ake ndi nyengo yofunda, ndi yabwino kwa zochitika zakunja. Deta yofalitsidwa ndi Gravy Analytics zikuwonetsa kuti masewera akunja aku California sakuyenda bwino monga momwe ziyenera kukhalira chifukwa cha malamulo okhwima omwe boma lidakhazikitsa chifukwa cha mliriwu.
Zosangalatsa
California imakopa alendo padziko lonse lapansi kudzera mu Bridge Gate Bridge, Disneyland, ndi Hollywood. Makampani ake a Zosangalatsa achita pafupifupi kuyambira pomwe adatsegula malo ake kwa anthu akunja. Zikuyembekezeka kukwera mtsogolo, ndipo California ikhoza kupeza ndalama zambiri kuchokera ku Zosangalatsa zokopa alendo.
Makampani odyera ndi Chakudya
Boma lidayimitsa kutsekeka pa nthawi ya mliri wa Covid-19, kuletsa ogula kuti asamadye kwambiri kunyumba komanso maulendo okagula zinthu. Kuyambira pamenepo, California yawona kusintha kwa malo ake odyera ndi zakudya pomwe alendo ambiri akuyamba kutsika kutchuthi ndi zosangalatsa.
Kutsiliza
California ikuyenera kulola malo abwino ochitira bizinesi kwamakampani ake. 1 peresenti ya omwe amapeza ndalama zambiri amalipira 46 peresenti ya ndalama zake zonse. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti mabizinesi azipita ku California.
Zokopa alendo, malo odyera, malo ochitira zosangalatsa, ndi zina zambiri, zayamba kukonzekera, ndipo ndi nkhani yabwino ku chuma cha California.
Komabe, nkovuta kunena kalikonse m’malo ano a mkhalidwe wosatsimikizirika wachuma padziko lonse lapansi pamene US, pamodzi ndi maiko ambiri, ali pachitseko cha kugwa kwachuma.
Siyani Mumakonda