Ngati mukufuna kukhala ochita bwino pakuyika ndalama, ndikofunikira kuti muphunzire nzeru zamabizinesi zamabizinesi akuluakulu.
M'modzi mwa osunga ndalama kwambiri ndi Charlie Munger, yemwe adaphatikiza zomwe adakumana nazo mubizinesi ndi dongosolo lapadera la gawo la psychology ndikusintha izi kukhala njira yopangira ndalama zomwe zidamupangitsa kuti apambane misika yayikulu ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu.
Chifukwa chake, osataya nthawi yochulukirapo, tiyeni tiphunzire kuchokera ku maphunziro azachuma kuchokera kwa Charlie Munger ndikuyembekeza kukudzazitsani chidziwitso chambiri pazachuma.
Mwachidule Za Charlie Munger
Palibe kukaikira kuti Charlie Munger akadali wabwino kwambiri komanso wogulitsa ndalama kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Moyo wake uli ngati filimu ya sewero yaku America yomwe imayikidwa pa roller-coaster.
Kuyambira ndili mwana wazaka 19 zakubadwa kusiya koleji mpaka kukhala alumni a Harvard, wochita bizinesi wamkulu, komanso bwenzi lalikulu la bizinesi. Warren Buffett ku Berkshire Hathaway, Charlie wapangitsa moyo wake kukhala wopambana kwambiri.
Ngongole zonse zomwe adachita bwino zimapita ku njira zake zogulira ndalama, mwamwayi kuwona ziwerengero ndi ma graph, kupanga zisankho zogulitsamo, ndikutuluka m'njira yoyenera. Pakalipano, Charlie Munger watsala pang'ono kufika zaka za zana lake, ndipo ali ndi zaka 98, mtengo wake uli pafupi ndi USD 2.2 Biliyoni.
Chofunika koposa, kuchokera m'mbiri ya moyo wake, simunganyalanyaze kukhulupirika kwake, kulimbikira kwake, komanso malingaliro abwino othana ndi zovuta m'moyo. Kodi sizosangalatsa, zolimbikitsa, ndi zolimbikitsa? Inde, zilidi choncho.
Chotero, kumakhala kofunika kuphunzira kanthu kena kuchokera ku mapulinsipulo ake, chidaliro, kulimbikira, ndi kawonedwe kake ka ntchito ndi kuigwiritsira ntchito kupangitsa miyoyo yathu kukhala yolemera monga momwe timafunira.
Tsopano, tiyeni tipite ku maphunziro apamwamba azachuma kuchokera ku Philosophy ya Charlie Munger.
Philosophy ya Investment ya Charlie Munger
Tsopano popeza ndikulankhula za filosofi yazachuma, tiyeni tinene mawu ndi zikhulupiliro zina zomwe Charlie Munger ananena:
- Anthufe timapangidwa kuti tiziganiza mosiyana, ndiye pokonza njira zogulira ndalama, choyamba muyenera kuyang'ana zoopsa zomwe zingachitike m'masheya. Mukakulitsa chizoloŵezi ichi chopeza zolakwika, panthawi ina, mudzapeza masheya omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chochepa komanso obwereranso bwino.
- Pokhala Investor, nthawi zonse muyenera kuyang'ana momwe bizinesi ikuyendera m'malo moyang'anira ntchito yake.
- Kuyika ndalama mubizinesi yowona mtima nthawi zonse ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera phindu lalikulu.
- Poganizira zogulitsa zinthu kwa nthawi yayitali, muyenera kuzindikira bizinesi yomwe ikukulirakulira kuti muwonjezere phindu lanu ndikusunga gawo lanu kuti lisalowe m'manja mwa omwe akupikisana nawo.
- Investment ndi chinthu chosatsimikizika, chomwe chimafuna kuyang'ana, 100% kuyembekezera, kudalira mtundu, ndi kafukufuku wanu. Chifukwa chake, khalani ndi chikhulupiriro pakufufuza kwanu, khalani oleza mtima ndikudikirira mwayi woyenera wolanda phindu lalikulu.
Maphunziro asanu ndi limodzi ofunikira a Investment kuchokera ku Charlie Munger's Investment Philosophy:
1. Kuona mtima:
Charlie Munger amakhulupirira kuti kukhala woona mtima kwa inu nokha ndi mnzanu ndiye sitepe yoyamba kuti mukwaniritse zomwe mukufuna.
Apa, kuona mtima kungatchulidwe pa moyo kapena bizinesi. Ziribe kanthu momwe mumaonera ndalamazo, muyenera kukhala oona mtima nthawi zonse ndi zisankho zomwe mumapanga, malingaliro anu, ndi munthu aliyense amene mumachita naye.
Pankhani ya msika wogulitsa, kukhala woona mtima ndi chibadwa chanu ndiye chinsinsi chopeza phindu labwino.
Osati zokhazo, kuti mupeze ndalama zabwino kwambiri, muyeneranso kupeza kampani yowona mtima kuti muyikemo ndalama kuti mutsimikizire kubweza zabwino.
Pachifukwa ichi, pazachuma, ngati kampani yomwe mukugulitsamo siwoona mtima kwa osunga ndalama, zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa zimatha kukhala zachinyengo kapena m'mawu osavuta, zomwe zimatsogolera kutembenuka kwabodza.
2. Kulimbikira:
Lingaliro lazachuma la Charlie Munger limalimbikitsa osunga ndalama omwe akukula kuti azilimbikira panjira yawo yopambana paulendo wawo wamsika.
Moyo ndi malonda akhalire onse ali odzaza ndi kusatsimikizika komwe simukudziwa zomwe zidzachitike ndikuwononga zomwe tikuyembekezera, komanso momwe kuthana ndi kusatsimikizika kotereku ndi gawo limodzi la njira yoti mukhale bwino.
Ngati mungagwirizane ndi malingaliro othana ndi zovuta, zimatanthawuza umunthu wanu ndikusankha udindo wanu, kaya wopambana kapena wotayika.
Ndipo muzochitika za msika wogulitsa, umunthu wokha umene ukhoza kuyima, mpaka mapeto ndi wopambana ndi chidaliro chachikulu.
Ndiye, mungatani kuti umunthu wanu ukhale wopambana?
Zoonadi, pokhala wokonda msika wogulitsa, mwina pokhala ng'ombe yamsika kapena chimbalangondo cha msika.
Umunthu uliwonse womwe mumasankha mukuchita ndi msika wamasheya, nthawi zonse mumayesetsa kukhala wolimbikira pa umunthu wanu, zolinga, kukhulupirika, ndi mfundo.
3. Kudzidalira:
Paulendo waukulu uwu monga mtsogoleri wamsika komanso wogulitsa bwino, Charlie Munger nthawi zonse ankadana ndi kudzimvera chisoni.
Monga mukudziwira, pamsika wamasheya, palibe chotsimikizika. Nthawi zina mumapeza ndalama zambiri, ndipo nthawi zina mumataya kwambiri. Pazifukwa zoipa, anthu ambiri amakonda kutsatira zinthu zolakwika, monga kukulitsa zizoloŵezi za kumwa mowa, kusuta fodya, ndi zina zotero.
Kumbali yamdima ya msika, n’zoonekeratu kwa anthu kudzimvera chisoni, kutaya chidaliro, ndi kukulitsa zizoloŵezi zina zambiri zolakwika.
M'nthawi yake yamdima pamsika wamasheya, Charlie Munger anali asanasewerepo gawo lozunzidwa ndikudzimvera chisoni. M'malo mwake, zomwe adachita ndikusanthula zolakwa zake, madontho ake osawona pamawonekedwe ake, ndikupangitsa maziko ake kukhala olimba, kuti asawonenso nthawiyo.
Ponena za chochitikachi, Charlie adati, "Ngati wina angakuthandizeni pamavuto anu ....ndiwe."
Kudzimvera chisoni nthawi zonse kumafuna kukhala wozunzidwayo khadi ndikupeza chifundo ndi chisamaliro kuchokera kwa anthu. Ataona kuipa kwa kudzimvera chisoni, Charlie ananena kuti kudzimvera chisoni kumabweretsa mavuto aakulu kwambiri amene angawononge maganizo ake kapena a zachuma.
Choncho, Charlie akunena kuti amalonda onse ndi osunga ndalama ayenera kuyang'ana pa mfundo yabwino pankhani ya malonda a malonda kusiyana ndi kuona mbali yachisoni.
Kenaka, adapitirizabe, ngati mutapeza phindu kuchokera ku ndalama zanu, sangalalani, koma ngati sichoncho, pita ku ndalama zina kapena kudzitsitsimula nokha chifukwa kumamatira ku chinthu chimodzi sikungakupatseni chigamulo chilichonse m'malo mowononga nthawi ndi mphamvu zanu.
4. Kudziletsa:
Charlie Munger nthawi ina adanenapo zipilala zitatu zamalonda zamsika, kuphatikizapo Kuona mtima, Ethics, ndi Discipline. Zipilala zitatuzi sizongowonjezera ndalama zogulira masheya koma zitha kutumizidwa kubizinesi ndi zochitika zamunthu.
Za bizinesi, kuchita mwachilungamo komanso mwachilungamo kungathandize kwambiri kukulitsa bizinesi, kupereka chuma, nzeru, zomangamanga, ndi zina zambiri.
Pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo zitatuzi, wogulitsa ndalama aliyense ndi wogulitsa akhoza kuthana ndi malo apamwamba a msika wogulitsa ndikupeza mosavuta muzochitika za msika.
5. Njira Yabwino Yophunzirira Njira Zatsopano:
Kaya ndi za kuyika ndalama mumsika kapena nkhani ina iliyonse yazachuma kapena yosakhala yandalama, malingaliro abwino okhudza kuphunzira njira zatsopano zothanirana ndi zovuta ndi kuthetsa mavuto ayenera kuyembekezera.
Mukuchita izi, mutha kukhala mukuwerenga mabuku osawerengeka, kuwonera makanema a akatswiri a nkhani, ndikuwerenga mabulogu abwino kwambiri okhudzana ndi machitidwe.
Nthawi zonse muyenera kukhala ndi malingaliro atsopano ndikuphunzira zinthu zatsopano.
Charlie Munger akunena kuti pali njira zambiri zothetsera vuto limodzi, zomwe, njira zina zomwe mukudziwa kale.
Koma ena mwina simungadziwe njira yabwino yothetsera vutolo kapena njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli poyerekeza ndi yomwe mukuidziwa kale. Chifukwa chake, pankhaniyi, muyenera kukhala okhazikika ndikuyesa mayankho ena posunga omwe akudziwika.
Njira yomweyi ikugwiranso ntchito ku ndondomeko ya ndalama. Simungathe kugwiritsa ntchito njira yofananira ndi njira zamabizinesi osiyanasiyana.
M'mawu osavuta, ndalama zonse zatsopano zimafuna njira yatsopano yopangira njira, ndipo potero, inu monga wogulitsa ndalama muyenera kuyembekezera.
6. Pangani Mndandanda:
Monga Investor, muyenera kudziikira zolinga ndi ma benchmarks pomwe mukukonzekera kuyika ndalama zilizonse kapena ndalama.
Malinga ndi Charles, mndandanda wandalama, umapangitsa kuti osunga ndalama azisunga bwino, ndipo uphatikiza magawo awa:
- Ngozi: Yang'anani masheya okhala ndi zoopsa zochepa kuti muteteze kapena kubwezeretsanso ndalama zanu kuti zisatsike.
- Kudzidalira: Pankhani yazachuma, Investor aliyense, mlangizi, wothandizira, ndi mlangizi ali ndi malingaliro osiyana, ndipo kukhala ndi mkangano wamalingaliro ndi kwachilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kutsatira maphunziro anu ndikukonza njira yanu yopezera bwino pakugulitsa.
- Kufunafuna kukhazikika kwamtsogolo kwabwinoko: Musanayambe kugulitsa katundu aliyense, muyenera kufufuza bwino za katunduyo, monga:
- Nchiyani chimapangitsa kukhala njira yodalirika yogulitsira katundu?
- Kodi pali ngozi yochuluka bwanji?
- Kodi chiwongola dzanja chobweza kapena kubweza ndalama ndi chiyani?
Ndi mafunso ena ambiri ofanana.
Kumangirira:
Charlie Munger adanena nthawi ina -
“Nthawi zonse yendani mumsewu waukulu, mumakhala anthu ochepa kwambiri!”
Masiku ano, pamene anthu akufunafuna malonda abwino kwambiri kuti apeze china chake pamtengo wabwino kwambiri koma osagwirizana ndi luso lapamwamba, inu monga wogulitsa ndalama muyenera kutsata njira yomwe ili ndi anthu ochepa omwe alipo oganiza za nthawi yaitali okha.
Chifukwa chake, pomaliza, zomwe ndinganene ndikuti, ndalama ndizinthu zomwe sizingaganizidwe kwakanthawi kochepa. Kuti mukhale otetezeka kwambiri, kuwunika kwanthawi yayitali ndi mapulani ndikofunikira kuti mupeze zotsatira zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa.
Kuzisunga mwachidule, ine ndikunena, kudziwitsidwa, achangu, odzidalira, ndi njira kukhala Investor bwino ngati Charlie Munger.
Siyani Mumakonda