Masheya osatchulidwa amangokhala magawo omwe sanatchulidwe pamisika yayikulu iliyonse.
Katunduwa, komabe, amapezeka pamapulatifomu ena.
Nkhaniyi ikuuzani zonse zokhudza makampani omwe sanatchulidwewa komanso momwe mungapangire ndalama mosavuta.
Chifukwa chake, osachedwetsanso, tiyeni tiwongolere.
Kodi Zogawana Zomwe Sanatchulidwe Ndi Chiyani?
Ma sheya osalembedwa ndi Zitetezo kapena zinthu zandalama zomwe sizinalembedwe pa stock exchange. Amagulitsidwa pamsika wa over-the-counter(OTC) ndipo amatchedwa zitetezo za OTC.
Chiwopsezo chokhudzana ndi kuyika ndalama pamsika wamasheya ndi chocheperako poyerekeza ndi misika ya OTC chifukwa chakuwongolera kwa SEBI, mitengo yamsika, komanso kuwonekera poyera.
Komabe, palibe kutseguka koteroko kapena kulamulira mu malo osatchulidwa. Chifukwa chake, osunga ndalama ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa asanagwiritse ntchito gawoli.
Mitundu Yachitetezo Chazachuma Chosatchulidwa
Zida zandalama zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi mindandanda yazogulitsa sizigulitsidwa pakusinthana kovomerezeka.
Zotetezedwa zomwe sizinatchulidwe nthawi zambiri zimaperekedwa ndi makampani ang'onoang'ono kapena atsopano omwe sangathe kapena sakufuna kutsatira malamulo osinthana ndi boma, monga malire a msika kapena mtengo wandandanda.
Kuphatikiza apo, bizinesiyo iyenera kuti idapereka magawo angapo ndipo iyenera kulipira pamndandanda wake pakusinthitsa pomwe ikuwonekera poyera.
Nthawi zina, ngakhale mabungwe ovomerezeka akunja omwe safuna kupereka malipoti a SEC, sadzilemba okha pa. misika yamasheya.
Kumbali ina, katundu wamba amagulitsidwa pafupipafupi pa OTCBB kapena mapepala apinki ndipo ndi imodzi mwachitetezo chodziwika bwino chomwe sichinatchulidwe. Izi zikuphatikizapo ndalama zogulira ndalama zotsika mtengo.
Zida zambiri zopanda masheya, zosalembedwa, monga ma swaps, zotetezedwa za boma, ndi ma bond amakampani, zimagulitsidwanso pamsika wa OTC.
Chitsogozo cha Pang'onopang'ono Kuti Muyike Ndalama M'magawo Osatchulidwa
Masitepe asanu ndi awiri otsatirawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito kugawa ndondomeko yoyendetsera ndalama zamagawo omwe sanatchulidwe:
1. Zofunikira pa Demat and Trading Account
Akaunti ya Demat ndi akaunti yogulitsa ndizofunikira ngati ndi nthawi yanu yoyamba kuyika ndalama m'magawo omwe sanatchulidwe.
Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito malonda aliwonse olembetsedwa ndi CDSL kapena NSDL ndi akaunti ya Demat. Komabe, simungathe kugula kapena kugulitsa masheya omwe sanatchulidwe kudzera mukampani yobwereketsa yomwe ikukupatsani akaunti ya Demat popeza sachita nawo masitoko.
Ma depositories awiri a dziko lino, CDSL ndi NSDL, atenga gawo lofunika kwambiri pankhaniyi. Ndalamazo zimatumizidwa ku akaunti yanu ya Demat mukagula zotetezedwa zomwe sizinatchulidwe.
Mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito MyEasi App kuchokera ku CDSL kapena pulogalamu ya NSDL kuti muwone zomwezo.
2. Sankhani Mkhalapakati Wabwino Kwambiri
Gawo lotsatira ndikusankha mkhalapakati woyenera, yomwe ndi imodzi mwamasitepe ofunikira kwambiri panthawi yonseyi. Mutha kugula masheya omwe sanatchulidwe kuchokera kwa amkhalapakati osiyanasiyana. Izi ndi:
- Amalonda
- Makampani a PMS
- Otsatsa \ sEquity Investors mumapulatifomu ochulukitsa anthu / Angel Funds
- Ogwira ntchito omwe akugwira ntchito pakampani pano ndipo ali ndi ma ESOP
Mabroker omwe amachita nawo magawowa ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopangira ndalama m'magawo omwe sanatchulidwe, chifukwa akupezeka mosavuta.
Mabizinesi awa amagula magawo kuchokera kwa mabizinesi omwe akufuna kugulitsa masheya awo. Kenako amapereka magawo ogulitsidwa kwa ogula, kuthandiza pogula ndi kugulitsa masheya, ndikuyang'anira mtengo wa magawo omwe sanatchulidwewa.
3. Kuwunika kwa Stock
Muyenera kukhala ndi chikhulupiriro mwa otsatsa awa chifukwa simungapeze mtengo wamagawo awa pa intaneti kapena pakusinthana. Ma broker awa amaika ndalama zingapo posinthanitsa ndi ntchito zawo.
Kuchokera kwa broker wina kupita ku wina, malipiro amasiyana. Chifukwa chake muyenera kusiyanitsa mitengo ndi ntchito zomwe akupereka. Muyeneranso kudziwa magawo omwe sanatchulidwe omwe akuchita nawo.
4. Kukambitsirana kwa Order
Ma stock omwe sanatchulidwe amagulitsidwa pa kauntala. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukufuna kuyika ndalama mwa iwo, muyenera kukambirana za mtengowo ndi mkhalapakati.
Kenako, mutha kugulitsa pamtengo wotsika kapena kugula magawo, mwachitsanzo, pa Rs. 120 pagawo lililonse.
Wapakati adzabweranso kwa inu ngati mtengo watsika pansi pa Rs. 100, ndipo mutha kumaliza ntchitoyo mosavuta. Monga kugula, muthanso kusiya kugulitsa magawo anu mpaka atafika pamtengo womwe mukufuna.
5. Kuyika Kwadongosolo
Maoda akuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa magawo omwe mukufuna kugula kapena kugulitsa komanso mtengo womwe mukufuna kutero.
Kenako mkhalapakati adzawunika dongosololo asanalikonze. Maoda atha kutumizidwa patelefoni, kapena mutha kuyimbira munthu wapakati (kapena kuwatumizira kalata) ndikumuuza zonse. Tiyeni tiwone mndandanda wamakalata ofunikira kuti mumalize dongosolo.
6. Kupereka Zolemba Zofunika.
Pakugula ndi kugulitsa magawo, zolemba zotsatirazi ndizofunika:
- Pan Card
- AADHAAR CARD
- Client's Master Copy
- Chekeni Choletsedwa
Kuphatikiza pa mapepala omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, Delivery Instruction Slip (DIS) ndiyofunika kuti mugulitse magawo omwe sanatchulidwe.
CMC ndi chikalata chomwe chili ndi malangizo okhudza kuchuluka kwa magawo omwe akugulidwa, mtengo wagawo lililonse, komanso ndalama zonse.
Momwemonso, kuchuluka kwa magawo omwe mukufuna kugulitsa, mtengo wofunsidwa, ndi ndalama zonse zogulitsa zonse zatchulidwa mu DIS. Mkhalapakati / broker amapereka zolemba zonsezi.
Gawo lomaliza, lomwe limakhudza kusamutsa magawo ndi kulipira, lili m'manja mwanu chifukwa muyenera kulipira motsatira.
Wapakati ayamba kukonza zomwe mwagula akalandira malipiro. Ma sheya adzakhala mu akaunti yanu ya Demat pasanathe masiku angapo akugwira ntchito.
Kuti mugulitse masheyawa, choyamba muyenera kuwasamutsa ku akaunti ya mkhalapakati kapena mwachindunji ku akaunti ya wobwereketsa wina, amene adzaika ndalamazo ku akaunti yanu yakubanki.
Ntchitoyi imatsirizidwa mukalandira magawo, pamene mukugula, kapena ndalama, mukamagulitsa.
Njira Zopangira Ndalama M'makampani Osalembetsa
Mutha kutenga nawo gawo mumakampani azinsinsi isanakwane Initial Public Offering (IPO) pogula magawo omwe sanatchulidwe. Zopindulitsa zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu zomwe osunga ndalama amagulira magawowa.
Makampani amapereka mitengo yotsitsidwa pamagawo awa kuti osunga ndalama agule gawo lalikulu la magawo awo omwe sanatchulidwe. Mtengo wa magawowa ukhoza kukwera panthawi ya IPO, motero kupangitsa kuti ochita malonda oyambirira akhale olemera.
Popeza magawo omwe sanatchulidwe amatha kusamutsidwa pakompyuta, aliyense amene akufuna kuwagula ayenera kukhala ndi akaunti ya Demat. Izi zimatsimikizira kutseguka kwamakampani, chitetezo chamabizinesi, komanso kuwongolera.
Tiyeni tiwone njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira ndalama m'makampani omwe sanatchulidwe.
1. Kupyolera mu Middlemen ndi Startups
Zogula zapaintaneti zomwe sizinatchulidwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosankha zamalonda. Nthawi zambiri amapereka ndalama zawo pamasamba awo.
Nthawi zambiri, osachepera ma Rs. 50,000 ndiyofunikira kuti mukhale gawo la kampaniyo koyambirira kotere. Komabe, izi zimangodalira kampaniyo.
Chidziwitso cha Aayush:
Nthawi yokhayo yomwe ndidagula magawo osalembetsedwa akampani idadutsa Dezerv. Ma sheya omwe ndinagula ndi a company yotchedwa boAt.
2. Kudzera mwa Ogwira Ntchito
Makampani ambiri azinsinsi amapereka mapulani a umwini wa masheya (ESOPs) kuti awasunge ndikuwapatsa chidziwitso cha umwini. Chifukwa chake, magawo omwe sanatchulidwewa amapezekanso kwa ogwira ntchito.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti mutha kungofunsa anzanu kapena abale anu kuti akupatseni magawo amakampani otere..
3. Kudzera m'mabungwe azachuma
Popeza magawo omwe sanatchulidwe ndi otsika mtengo, mabungwe azachuma amaikamo ndalama zambiri. Wogulitsa ndalama yemwe ali ndi ndalama zambiri komanso wololera pachiwopsezo chachikulu nthawi zambiri amagulitsa magawo omwe sanatchulidwe kudzera mubungwe lazachuma.
4. Mapulatifomu Othandizira Anthu Ambiri
Izi ndizochitika zomwe zimachitika poyambira chifukwa zimathandiza gulu lalikulu la osunga ndalama kuti azitha kugwirizanitsa chuma chawo ndikupeza ndalama zoyambira posinthana ndi gawo limodzi la magawo omwe sanatchulidwe. Osunga ndalamawa pambuyo pake amapereka ndalama kumakampaniwa posinthanitsa ndi ndalamazo.
Momwe Mungasankhire Makampani Osatchulidwa
Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zopezera njira yabwino kwambiri yopangira ndalama m'makampani omwe sanatchulidwe. Onani iwo pansipa.
1. Fufuzani za Futuristic Industries
Izi zikadali ngati chilimbikitso choyambirira pakuyika ndalama. Pezani mafakitale a mawa kuti mugulitse. Nthawi zambiri, kulibe makampani ambiri pamsika, ndipo akadali akhanda.
Masewera, SaaS, Fintech, e-commerce, ndi mafakitale ena odziwika bwino adaphatikizidwa pamndandanda womwe ukupitilira zaka zambiri.
2. Dziwani Amene Anaikapo Ndalama
Mutha kupeza mabizinesi komwe oyambitsa odziwika bwino oyambitsa bwino akulowanso m'misika yomwe amathandizira. Ngati mukufuna, mutha kuwonanso kuti ndi mabizinesi odziwika ati omwe adayikapo ndalama.
Nthawi zambiri, osunga angelo awa amakhala ndi luso lopeza makampani omwe adzakhale opambana kwambiri mtsogolo. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi gulu lonse la osunga ndalama omwe amachita zonse zofunikira kuti atsimikizire kuti ndalama zawo zili m'manja mwabwino.
3. Makampani Ali Panjira Yopita Pagulu
Makampani omwe atsala pang'ono kupita pagulu akhoza kukhala ndi mwayi wopikisana nawo pamitengo yawo. Komabe, ichi ndi chimodzi chabe mwa mapindu ambiri. Ambiri mwa mabizinesiwa adasindikizapo kale DRHP yawo.
Zolemba izi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimadziwika kuti holy grails, zili ndi zonse zokhudzana ndi kampaniyo. Kuphatikiza apo, amasamalidwa mwaukadaulo ndipo ndi othandizira abizinesi omwe adalembedwa kale.
4. Zamadzimadzi
Liquidity ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri mukakusaka makampani osalembedwa. Makampani amadzimadzi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi osunga ndalama ambiri omwe ali ndi chidwi komanso kuchuluka kwamalonda.
5. Pre IPO Investment
Kugula kapena kugulitsa masheya akampani kusanaperekedwe koyambirira kwa kampani (IPO) pamsika wa IPO usanachitike. Palibe kusinthanitsa kwamasheya komwe mungagule magawowa chifukwa sagulitsidwa pamsika.
Zogawana zomwe sizinatchulidwe zitha kugulidwa kudzera mwa oyimira pakati ndi nsanja zomwe zimakhazikika pakufufuza ndikuyika magawo omwe sanatchulidwe pamsika. Kuphatikiza pa kugula magawo kuchokera kwa omwe alipo komanso ofunitsitsa omwe ali ndi ndalama, oyimira pakati ndi nsanja amaperekanso mapulani a stock stock option (ESOP).
Msika wa pre-IPO watsegulidwa posachedwa ndipo tsopano ukupezeka kwa anthu wamba. Pali misika yapaintaneti komwe osunga ndalama amatha kugula magawo omwe sanatchulidwe kumakampani, kuphatikiza Analah Capital, TradeUnlisted, ndi Unlistedkart. Zogawana zamabizinesi omwe sanatchulidwewa zimasungidwa muakaunti ya Demat.
Ndalama zochepa zandalamazi zitha kukhala pakati pa Rs.25,000 ndi Rs.50,000, malinga ndi Unlistedkart, kutengera gawo lomwe silinatchulidwe. Mapulatifomu ena oyika ndalama sanatchulepo zofunikira zochepa zogulira.
Ma sheya onse a pre-IPO amaletsedwa kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kutsatira tsiku lolembetsedwa, komanso kutsatira malamulo a owongolera msika waku India. Zikuwonetsa kuti simungagulitse malonda miyezi isanu ndi umodzi isanadutse tsiku lolemba.
Zitetezo zazifupi ndi zotetezedwa zosalembedwa zomwe zimagulitsidwa pasanathe miyezi 24. Zopindulitsa zimakhomeredwa pamtengo wa msonkho womwe umakhudza inu komanso ndalama za munthuyo. Pambuyo pa indexation, mtengo wamisonkho pamapindu a nthawi yayitali, ngati wagulitsidwa pambuyo pa miyezi 24, ndi 20 peresenti.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti magawo omwe sanatchulidwe ndi osakhazikika komanso osakhazikika, kotero simungathe kuwagulitsa mwachangu. Popeza osewera m'mabungwe ndi omwe amatsogolera msika wa pre-IPO ndipo machitidwe awo amakhala pang'onopang'ono, kugulitsa magawo ndikupeza ndalama nthawi iliyonse yatsiku kumakhala kovuta.
Zoyipa Zogula Magawo a Makampani Osatchulidwa
Kugula magawo omwe sanatchulidwe si njira yotsimikizika yopita kuchipambano. Kampani iliyonse yomwe sinatchulidwe pano sikuyenera kukhala yopanga chuma.
Popeza pali chidziwitso chochepa, kudziwa mtengo wamasheya amakampani omwe sanatchulidwe ndizovuta kwambiri. Komanso, kugula ma sheya pakampani yosalembetsedwa kumakhalanso ndi zoopsa zina.
Ngakhale mutayamba kugulitsa magawo amabungwe oterowo, zitha kukhala zovuta ngati kampani yomwe sinalembedwe silembedwa posachedwa. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, pakhoza kukhala nkhani za liquidity.
Magawo amabizinesi omwe sachita malonda pamisika yodziwika bwino amakhomeredwa msonkho wokwera kwambiri, ndikuchepetsa malire anu a phindu. Kuphatikiza apo, kusunga magawowa mu akaunti ya Demat kulinso ndi mtengo wokwanira.
Kutsiliza
Ngati mwakhala mumisika kwanthawi yayitali, muyenera kudziwa za ngozi zomwe zingachitike pazinthu zotere. Ngakhale misika yamasheya ndi yotetezeka ndipo siyiphatikiza achinyengo, ili ndi bungwe lake lowongolera, SEBI.
Kugula magawo omwe sanatchulidwe kutha kukhala pachiwopsezo kwa ogulitsa ndi amalonda, chifukwa amakumana ndi miseche yambiri. Izi ndichifukwa choti magawowa samayendetsedwa ndi SEBI.
Chifukwa chake, mutha kuganiza za izi m'njira ziwiri: Mumakondana ndi kampani yomwe sinatchulidweyi ndipo mukudziwa zonse zoyambira, kapena mutha kusankha kuyika ndalama zomwe mungathe kutaya. Ndikukhulupirira tsopano mukudziwa A mpaka Z pakuyika ndalama zamakampani omwe sanatchulidwe ku India.
Siyani Mumakonda