National Pension System (NPS) ndi njira yabwino yopulumutsira msonkho ndikumanga chuma chambiri popuma pantchito.
Zakachikwi sizisunga ndalama monga mwachikhalidwe, zomwe zimakhala ndi ma depositi osakhazikika komanso ma depositi obwereza. Amakonda kuyang'ana ndalama zomwe zimapereka maubwino angapo, monga ndalama zosungira msonkho.
Ganizirani za NPS ngati akaunti yopulumutsira mokakamiza. Mukayika ndalama zanu, zimatsekedwa mpaka mutafika zaka 60, zabwino.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake sizowoneka bwino ngati masheya kapena mwagwirizana ndalama, koma ndikwabwinoko kwa osunga ndalama wamba.
Nawa maubwino 6 okhala ndi akaunti ya NPS.
Kubwerera Kotsimikizika Mukasewera Motetezedwa
NPS idzakubweretserani phindu lotsimikizika ngati mutasankha kusayika ndalama mwankhanza mundalama zomwe zili pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
NPS imakulolani kuti muyike ndalama zanu muchilungamo. Ndalama zanu zamagulu zimagawidwa pakati pa magulu anayi a katundu omwe ndi Bond Bond, Equity stocks, Corporate ngongole, ndi Alternative Investment Funds.
Kuti zikhale zosavuta kwa oyamba kumene, kugawa kwa NPS kuli ndi zisankho ziwiri:
- Zosankha zokha
- Kusankha mwachidwi
Mukayambitsa akaunti ya Auto-choice NPS, muli ndi njira zotsatirazi zomwe mungasankhe:
- Wongolerani
- Wosamala
- Wokwiya
Kusankha ndalama zocheperako kugawaniza 50% ya zomwe mwapereka kundalama zomwe zili pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Pamene msinkhu wanu ukukulirakulira, kuchuluka kwa zopereka zanu ku misika yamalonda kumatsika.
Kusankha njira ya Conservative Investment ndi zomwe ndimatcha kusewera motetezeka. Monga momwe munthu wosamala angachite, 25% yokha ya zopereka zanu ndi zomwe zimaperekedwa kundalama za equity. Izinso zimatsikira pansi pamene mukukula.
Njira yazachuma yankhanza imabwera ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu komanso phindu lalikulu. Njirayi ndi ya anthu omwe akwaniritsa zolinga zawo zina amayembekezera kukhala ngati mfumu ngakhale atapuma pantchito. Going Aggressive ipereka 75% pazopereka zanu kumsika wa equity.
Kusankha kwa Active kumakupatsani mwayi wofotokoza kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe mungafune kuyika mugulu lililonse lazachuma. Mutha kusankha kukwera mpaka 30% pazachuma, 100% pa Bond Bond, ndi 100% pa Ngongole Yamakampani.
Posasankha kuyika ndalama zambiri pazachuma komanso kugawa ndalama zanu mu Ngongole ndi Bond za Boma, mutha kubweza zabwino m'kupita kwanthawi. Mulimonsemo, zingakhale bwino kuposa FDs ndi Liquid Mutual Funds.
Security
Pali magawo awiri a NPS:
- Gawo - I
- Gawo - II
Zopereka zilizonse mu Gawo - Akaunti yanga imatsekedwa kwa zaka zosachepera zitatu zopereka mosalekeza. Iyi ndi akaunti yeniyeni yopuma pantchito, yofanana ndi Roth IRA ku US.
Mukayika ndalama zilizonse mu akaunti ya Tier - I NPS, imakhala pamenepo mpaka mutakwanitsa zaka 60. Palibe njira yomwe mungachotsere ndalama zoposa 25% kuchokera kugulu lanu lopuma pantchito.
Kusungirako kokakamiza kumeneku kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri makamaka mukakhala munthu yemwe ali ndi chizolowezi chowononga ndalama kuchokera ku akaunti yosungira.
Ndalama zanu, ngati mutasankha kuyikapo ndalama ndi njira ya Conservative zimayikidwa mu Bond Bond ndi Corporate Debt. Zonse ziwirizi zimakhala zotetezedwa komanso zotetezeka kuti zisamabwerenso zolakwika pakapita nthawi.
Tsopano akaunti ya The Tier - II ndi yamadzi. Mutha kusungitsa ndikuchotsa momwe mukufuna, popanda zoletsa.
Popeza Gawo - II ndi njira yopangira ndalama mwakufuna kwanu, kubwezeredwa kwa Misonko sikukugwira ntchito pandalama zomwe mumayikamo.
Ndinu omasuka kusankha ndikusintha fund manager wanu kapena maperesenti ogawa katundu kawiri pachaka. M'magulu onse awiri.
Kumbukirani kusungitsa ndalama zilizonse zomwe zatsala mutawononga zonse zomwe mukufunikira mu akaunti ya Tier - I NPS. Simukufuna ndalama zadzidzidzi mmenemo chifukwa simungathe kuzipeza mukamazifuna kwambiri.
Ubwino Wamisonkho
Ndi akaunti ya Tier - I NPS, mutha kusunga mpaka 2,00,000 INR pamisonkho yomwe mumapeza chaka chilichonse.
Mutha kufuna kufika 1,50,000 pansi pa gawo 80 CCD (1) ndi kuwonjezera 50,000 kwa olembetsa omwe ali pansi pa 80CCD (1B).
Mukakwanitsa zaka 60 mumaloledwa kuchotsa mpaka 60% ya corpus yanu yonse. 40% yotsalayo imabisidwa kuti mulandire penshoni mwezi uliwonse.
Mukachotsa ndalamazo, corpus yanu yopuma pantchito (ndalama zanu zonse) sizidzakhomeredwa msonkho wonse. 40% ya ndalama zonse zomwe zinakhomeredwa msonkho monga momwe boma limapereka pamisonkho yanthawi zonse ya chaka chandalama.
60% yotsalayo yomwe mungachotse idzakhala yopanda msonkho.
Ndipo ndicho phindu lalikulu loyika ndalama mu NPS. Sikuti mumasunga msonkho wa 2,00,000 chaka chilichonse, mudzakhala ndi msonkho wochuluka woti mugwiritse ntchito zaka sikisite. Popanda kudandaula za kasamalidwe kalikonse ka msonkho.
Zosankha za Liquidity
Tiyeni tiwonenso onse awiri, Gawo - I ndi Gawo - II la akaunti ya NPS.
Gawo - Ndimakuthandizani kumanga thumba lapuma pantchito posakulolani kuchotsa ndalama zilizonse zaka 10 zoyambirira. Sichikulolani kuti muchotse ndalama zilizonse mpaka mutakwanitsa zaka 60 pokhapokha:
- Mukukonzekera kugula nyumba yanu yoyamba
- Khalani ndi matenda oopsa
- Amafuna ndalama pazinthu monga maphunziro apamwamba, ukwati wa ana
Gulu lanu liyenera kukhala lofanana kapena kupitilira 1,00,000 kuti muchoke ku Tier - I account. Ndipo muyenera kupanga osachepera 6,000 INR chaka chilichonse kuti akaunti yanu ya NPS ikhale yogwira ntchito.
Pali ndalama zochepa kwambiri mu Tier - ine komabe, mutha kuchotsa ndalama mukazifuna pazifukwa zapadera. Kuchotsa kumatenga nthawi, kotero muyenera kukonzekera pang'ono pasadakhale.
Izi ziyeneranso kukukumbutsani kuti musawononge ndalama zomwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito posachedwa, monga zaka zisanu zikubwerazi.
Tsopano yang'anani Gawo - II, akaunti yodzifunira ya NPS.
Gawo - II limakupatsani mwayi wopereka ndalama zomwe mukufuna. Komanso chotsani momwe mukufuna, nthawi iliyonse yomwe mukufuna.
Palibe zoletsa pamaakaunti a Tier - II. Ndi ndalama zambiri zamadzimadzi zomwe zimayikidwa m'magulu azinthu zomwezo monga Tier - I.
Kungoti simulandira penshoni ya mwezi uliwonse kuchokera ku Gawo lachiwiri. Chifukwa chake, ngati cholinga chanu ndikumanga corpus kuti mulandire penshoni pamwezi m'masiku anu akale, sankhani Gawo - I.
Pazolinga zazing'ono, Gawo - II ndiloyenera kusankha.
Kubwerera Kwapamwamba & Zotsatira Zowonjezereka
Ndi njira ya Aggressive Investment, mukuyang'ana pamwamba-avareji ndipo mwina phindu lalikulu kwambiri malinga ndi msika.
Poika ndalama zopitirira 75% za zopereka zanu mu ndalama za Equity, zobwezazo zitha kupitilira 10%.
Ndithudi apamwamba kuposa madzi Mutual ndalama ndi Ngongole ndalama.
Phindu lina loika ndalama pafupipafupi mu NPS ndikuwonjezera kubweza kwanu pamabizinesi.
Poganizira kuti mukuyamba akaunti ya NPS muli ndi zaka 25, Pazaka 35, zopereka zanu za 1,000 pamwezi zidzakhala 38,28,277 ngati titenga chidwi cha 10%.
Ndipo ndalama zanu zenizeni pazaka 35 zikufanana ndi 4,20,000. Ndiye pafupifupi 10X ya ndalama zanu zenizeni.
Kwa ine, ndakhala ndikuthandizira ku NPS yanga kuyambira ndili ndi zaka 18. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chopereka changa cha 1,000 (ndimapereka zambiri) mwezi uliwonse chidzakhala 70,57,183 pa chiwongola dzanja cha 10%.
Chifukwa chake, muli ndi chifukwa chomveka choyambira molawirira.
Palibe Cap On Investment mu Gawo 2
Palibe chipewa cha kuchuluka kwa momwe mungayikitsire mu akaunti ya tier 2 NPS.
Gawo - II ilibe malire pomwe simungathe kusungitsa ndalama zina.
Ndalama zilizonse zomwe mwatsala mutamanga ndalama zanu zadzidzidzi, kugula masheya, kubweza chitetezo ndi zowononga zitha kuyikidwa mu NPS Tier - II.
Mutha kuchotsa ndalamazi mosavuta nthawi iliyonse. Sinthani dongosolo lazachuma kapena kusamutsa ku NPS Tier - ndikuwerengera. Mutha kukhazikitsa malangizo oyimilira sabata iliyonse ndikuwona ndalama zanu zikukula pa autopilot.
Kumbukirani, ndalama zosungidwa ndi chiwongola dzanja chochokera ku akaunti ya Tier - II NPS ndizokhoma msonkho.
Pali zabwino zambiri za akaunti ya NPS zomwe zimakupangitsani kulingalira kukhala nayo.
Dinani apa kuti mulembetse akaunti yanu ya NPS.
Ndi njira yabwino yopulumutsira ndalama zowonjezera ndikukonzekera zopuma pantchito komanso tsogolo lomwe mukudziwa kuti mudzafunika ndalama kuti mukhale ndi moyo wakale wachimwemwe.
Mafunso aliwonse? Tiuzeni mu ndemanga.
Siyani Mumakonda