Posachedwapa, nkhani zambiri ndi makangano zidatenga gawo la Magawo a Magawo ndipo nthawi yodziwika pakati pa mikangano yonseyi inali PFOF.
Ngati simukudziwa, ndiye kuti PFOF yakhala ikugwira ntchito kwazaka zambiri ndipo mwakhala nawo.
Ndiye, tiyeni timvetsetse zomwe PFOF ikutanthauza komanso chifukwa chiyani mayiko ngati Canada, UK, ndi Australia aletsa machitidwe ake?
Kodi PFOF ndi chiyani?
PFOF imatanthawuza Malipiro oyitanitsa.
Ndi ndalama zomwe makampani opanda komishoni amalandila popereka maoda awo kwa omwe amapanga msika. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitidwa kuti misika isungike bwino.
Tiyeni timvetse izi mwatsatanetsatane.
PFOF imayamba kugwira ntchito pomwe wogula amayitanitsa pogwiritsa ntchito kampani iliyonse yopanda mabizinesi. Tsopano, ma broker awa amatumiza maoda awa kwa opanga misika omwe amadziwika kuti ma wholesale.
Koma, asanatumize maoda awa kwa opanga msika, makampani obwereketsa amalipira ndalama zochepa kwambiri pobweretsa maoda awa kwa ogulitsa. Chifukwa chake, mukadakhala kuti mumaganiza kuti makampani ogulitsa zero-commission amapangira bwanji ndalama, yankho ndi PFOF.
Tiyeni tidutsenso izi kenako ndikumvetsetsa lingaliro lake.
Otsatirawa ndi osewera akuluakulu omwe amachita nawo malonda mu msika wamsika:
- Wogula - munthu amene akufuna kugula katundu kuchokera kumsika
- Wogulitsa - Munthu amene akufuna kugulitsa katundu pamsika
- Broker- Kampani yomwe imakonza maoda a ogulitsa ogulitsa nthawi yomweyo
- Opanga Msika- Ogulitsa ogulitsa omwe amapereka maoda ambiri omwe amalandila kuchokera kwa mabizinesi mumasekondi pang'ono.
Chifukwa chake, ngati mumaganiza kuti mukugulitsa masheya anu kwa munthu wina, ndiye kuti mukulakwitsa. Ndi opanga Msika omwe amagula kapena kugulitsa maoda anu.
Izi zikutanthawuza kuti madongosolo omwe amaperekedwa ndi ogulitsa malonda samawonekera ngakhale pagulu. M'malo mwake, amaphedwa mwachinsinsi ndi opanga msika.
Tsopano, ma broker akatumiza maoda anu kwa opanga msikawa, amalipira PFOF. Cholinga chokhacho cha izi ndikuchita malonda ofulumira kwambiri popanda kusokoneza.
Kodi Ntchito?
Tiyeni tiwone chitsanzo kuti timvetsetse komwe PFOF iyi imabwera panthawi yamalonda komanso chifukwa chake anthu akuwoneka kuti sakuzizindikira.
Tangoganizani kuti muli ndi magawo 200 azinthu zinazake zomwe mukufuna kugulitsa m'misika. Tsopano, mwayi wopeza wogula yemwe ali wokonzeka kugula magawo 200 nthawi yomweyo ndi wotsika kwambiri.
Komabe, simunakumanepo ndi mavuto ngati amenewa. Mukudziwa chifukwa chake?
Izi ndichifukwa choti broker wanu nthawi zonse amatumiza maoda awa kwa opanga msika, omwe amawagula kuchokera kwa inu nthawi yomweyo. Opanga misikawa amatsatira malamulowa mumphindi imodzi yokha.
Koma, vuto ndi njirayi ndi kuthekera kwa kutayika.
Bwanji ngati wopanga msika agula magawo anu ndipo asanawagulitse, mtengo wagawowo umatsika. Izi zidzabweretsa kutayika kwakukulu kwa ogulitsa. Kuti alipire kutayika kumeneku ndi chiwopsezo chokhudzidwa, ogulitsa malonda amalipidwa ndalama zochepa kwambiri zomwe zimadziwika kuti bid-ask spread.
Kufalikira kumangokhala kusiyana kwa mitengo ya zomwe wogula akulipira kuti agule katundu ndi zomwe wogulitsa akulandira kuti agulitse katundu yemweyo. Kusiyana kumeneku kumakhala kochepa kwambiri.
Chifukwa Chiyani PFOF Ili Mu Nkhani?
Posachedwapa, pamene a SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission) adaganiza zowunika momwe amalonda amagwirira ntchito ndi opanga msika, adapeza kuti palibe cholakwika m'misika.
PFOF yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga ndalama zamisika ndikuchita mwachangu malonda ndi ogulitsa malonda akugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apindule nawo.
Komitiyi inanena kuti pakhoza kukhala zotheka kuti makampani ogulitsa malonda akuyendetsa malamulo a ogwiritsa ntchito kwa opanga msika omwe angawalipirire kwambiri PFOF m'malo mosankha wopanga msika wabwino kwambiri kwa ogulitsa malonda.
Palinso kutsimikizika kuti ma broker akulimbikitsa ogwiritsa ntchito kugulitsa pafupipafupi m'mavoliyumu chifukwa zimawathandiza mwachindunji kupanga ma komishoni ambiri kudzera mu PFOF zomwe sizothandiza kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.
Ubwino wa PFOF
Sizili ngati PFOF imangovulaza osunga ndalama kapena zokonda zawo, koma palinso zabwino zina zoigwiritsa ntchito m'misika yamasheya.
Choyamba, imasunga ndalama zamisika. Ma broker ang'onoang'ono omwe alibe mphamvu zogulira zinthu zambiri amatha kupereka maoda awa kwa opanga msika. Kupyolera mu izi, sikuti amangopeza phindu komanso amachotsa kuchedwa kwa malonda.
Polipiritsa PFOF yochulukirapo, mabizinesi amayeneranso kupereka mphotho panthawi yake kapena kutsitsa mitengo kuti athe kukumana ndi mpikisano waukulu m'misika. Izi zapereka mitengo yabwino kwa osunga ndalama nthawi ndi nthawi.
Ndi kuchuluka kwa Liquidity chifukwa chakuchita mwachangu kwa malonda, kufalikira kwa ma bid-ask kumatsikanso ndipo pamapeto pake kumapindulitsa osunga ndalama kuti apeze masheya awo pamitengo yabwino.
Kutsutsa
Robinhood, kampani yotchuka yamalonda ku US, inali kupanga pafupifupi $69 miliyoni mu 2019, koma ziwerengerozo zidakwera mpaka $687 miliyoni mchaka cha 2020 kudzera mu PFOF. Izi zikuwonetsa momveka bwino momwe makampani obwereketsa adapangira ndalama zambiri kudzera mchitidwewu.
Ngakhale ili ndi maubwino angapo, PFOF yakhala ikukumana ndi mikangano. Makampani ambiri ogulitsa malonda omwe amapereka malonda a zero-commission nthawi zambiri amayendetsa malamulo a ogwiritsa ntchito awo kwa opanga msika, zomwe sizinali zothandiza kwa osunga ndalama.
Makamaka m'mabizinesi osankha komwe kufalikira kumakhala kochulukirapo kuposa kuchuluka kwanthawi zonse kapena kugulitsa malo, mabizinesi amalipira ndalama zambiri za PFOF. Ogulitsa ambiri adanenanso kuti malonda awo aulere amawawonongera ndalama zina chifukwa sakanatha kupeza ndalama zabwino kwambiri panthawi yomwe dongosolo lawo likuperekedwa.
Pambuyo pofufuza ntchito yonse ya PFOF ndi mikangano yomwe ikukhudzana ndi nkhaniyi, ndi bwino kunena kuti makampani ogulitsa malonda agwiritsa ntchito molakwika izi. Kuyambira ndi cholinga chosunga ndalama komanso kupulumutsa nthawi ya omwe amagulitsa ndalama, PFOF yakhala mgodi wagolide m'makampani ambiri ogulitsa.
Kulankhula za omwe sachita malonda kapena amalonda omwe sachita malonda pamsika nthawi zambiri, ndizotheka kuti sakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi PFOF. Komabe, amalonda pafupipafupi omwe amagulitsa ndalama zambiri komanso zochuluka ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa malonda awo ndi ndalama za PFOF zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi zochitikazo. Ayeneranso kuwona momwe malonda awo amayendera komanso wopanga msika yemwe akukonza maoda awo.
Ndi SEC ikubweretsa zovuta ndi mafunso osiyanasiyana kwa ogulitsawa, zidzakhala zosangalatsa kuona ngati US idzapitiriza kugwiritsa ntchito PFOF m'misika yamalonda kapena kuiletsa monga Australia, Canada, ndi UK.
Siyani Mumakonda