Ray Dalio ndi m'modzi mwa osunga ndalama aluso kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi komanso woyambitsa hedge fund yopambana kwambiri - Bridgewater Associates.
Kuyambira pamaziko mpaka Marichi 2021, Bridgewater Associates inali ndi ndalama zokwana 140 biliyoni za USD zomwe zikuyendetsedwa. Malinga ndi Nkhani ya Forbes, Ndalama za Ray Dalio zimawerengedwa mozungulira 20 biliyoni USD.
Ray wapanga mabiliyoni ake pophunzira kuchokera m'mbuyomu ndikupanga ndalama potengera zomwe adapeza. Paulendo wake wonse monga Investor, Ray Dalio amakhulupirira ndipo amakhulupirirabe kupeza phindu kuchokera kuzinthu zodula kuti abwezeretsenso m'malo mogula ndi kusunga.
Malingaliro a ndalama a Ray Dalio ndi osavuta. Koma zomwe zingamveke zophweka poyamba ndizovuta kwambiri kuposa momwe mungaganizire.
Mutha kupeza zambiri za zikhulupiriro zake pazachuma chamsika m'mabuku ake, Mfundo (2017), Mfundo Zothana ndi kusintha kwa dziko (2021), ndi Mfundo Zoyendetsera Mavuto Aakulu A Ngongole (2018).
M'mabuku awa, watchula zomwe adakumana nazo pakugulitsa masheya, zolakwa zake, momwe adasinthira zolakwa zake, ndi maphunziro ena ofunikira kuti akhale wogulitsa bwino.
Ndikudziwa kuti mwabwera kuno kuti mudzapeze njira zotsimikizirika zokhala ndi ndalama zabwino; osadandaula! Ndakuphimbani.
Ndawerenga mabukuwa olembedwa ndi Ray Dalio ndipo ndasonkhanitsa maphunziro ake osangalatsa a msika wa masheya omwe muyenera kudziwa.
Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tilowe m'dziko lazachuma monga momwe Ray Dalio adanenera.
1. Mfundo Zofunika Kwambiri
M’buku lake lakuti-Principles, Ray anatchula za kudalira mfundo zimene zinamuthandiza kukhala ndi ntchito yabwino yosunga ndalama popanga zisankho zoyenera. Ray nthawi ina anati,
Popanda mfundo zachikhalidwe, mungakakamizidwe kuchitapo kanthu pazochitika zomwe zingakugwereni osaganizira zomwe mumazikonda kwambiri komanso momwe mungasankhire kuti mupeze zomwe mukufuna. Izi zingakulepheretseni kugwiritsa ntchito bwino moyo wanu.”
Ngati muli ndi mfundo, zidzakutsogolerani zochita zanu. Amapangidwa kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa zisankho zomwe ziyenera kuchitika pakati pa chipwirikiti kuti zisankho zitha kupangidwa mwachangu komanso moyenera. Mfundo zachikhalidwe zimapangidwira kuti zikuthandizeni kupanga zisankho zabwino kwambiri pazochitika zosiyanasiyana.
Palibe njira yopewera zolakwika pakuyika ndalama, koma kukhala ndi mfundo zazikulu kungakuthandizeni kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwake komanso kuchuluka kwake.
Ray Dalio akuyesera kunena popereka malingaliro otere kuti, paulendo wanu ngati ndalama, muyenera nthawi zonse -
- Fotokozani zosowa zanu
- Pezani chuma chanu choyenera kapena masheya oti muyikemo pokhala oona mtima pazosowa zanu
- Konzani ndondomeko ya ndalama kuti mutengere ndalama zomwe mukuganizira
- Khalani otsimikiza ku njira yanu yosungiramo ndalama ndikusangalala ndi kupambana kwanu komanso moyo wolemera wamabizinesi.
2. Chitani Kafukufuku Wanu
Kuyambira ali mwana, Ray anali ndi chizoloŵezi chotulutsa magazini ambiri ofotokoza ndi kusonyeza zotsatira zapachaka za kupambana kwa makampani opeza ndalama ndi ma graph akugwa. Atatha kusonkhanitsa deta zamakampani, ankakonda kupeza masheya omwe angayikemo ndikupanga njira yake yapadera yopezera ndalama.
Malingaliro ake odzipangira yekha maphunziro kuti apambane apangitsa kuti azitsogolera kwambiri ku Bridgewater Associates.
Ray Dalio nthawi ina anati,
"Kuti mupange ndalama m'misika, muyenera kuganiza mozama komanso kudzichepetsa"
N’zosatheka kudziwa chilichonse chokhudza chilichonse, koma n’zosatheka kudziwa chilichonse chokhudza zinthu zovuta komanso zosokoneza monga mmene chuma cha padziko lonse chikuyendera. Choncho muyenera kudzipangira nokha zinthu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti simungakhulupirire zomwe anthu ena akukuuzani. Muyenera kudziganizira nokha.
Chifukwa chake, monga Ray Dalio, musagwere kafukufuku wa munthu wina aliyense popanda kuchita zanu kuti mupeze kupambana kwanu kwapadera.
3. Khalani Pagulu Ndi Anthu Omwe Mungaphunzireko Zatsopano
Paulendo wake woyamba wamalonda, a Ray Dalio nthawi zonse amakonzekera ndikufunsa mafunso kwa osunga ndalama omwe amawona kuti ndi abwino pantchito zawo. Ankayang'ana momwe osungira ndalama amaganizira za tsogolo la chuma ndi misika, monga momwe amachitira panopa.
M’kupita kwa nthaŵi, iye anakulitsa kachitidwe kameneka kukhala kalingaliridwe kokhazikika ka dziko ndi zochitika zimene mwachionekere zingachitike mmenemo mwa kupanga mpambo wa mfundo zimene zingam’thandize kuchita zimenezi.
Kuganiza motere kwa dziko lapansi kudapangitsa kuti achite bwino kwambiri pakugulitsa ndalama pomwe adaneneratu ndikuyika ndalama m'malo a stagflation omwe adayamba mu 1968.
"Fufuzani anthu omwe ali ndi mafunso ambiri. Anthu anzeru ndi omwe amafunsa mafunso oganiza bwino, mosiyana ndi kuganiza kuti ali ndi mayankho onse. Mafunso abwino ndi chizindikiro chabwino kwambiri cha kupambana kwamtsogolo kuposa mayankho abwino."
Dalio sanapangepo mndandanda wa ntchito, kotero zikutanthauza kuti ngakhale wometa, wophika, kapena mtsogoleri wanyumba akhoza kukhala Investor wabwino. Iye ankakhulupirira kuganiza kuposa ena onse. Anagwiritsa ntchito malingaliro ake kuti apeze njira yoyenera yofufuzira katunduyo, kusankha bwino ndikupanga phindu lalikulu.
Chifukwa chake, mukawona wogulitsa ndalama akuchita ntchito yake bwino, nthawi zonse mufunseni mafunso, omwe angakuthandizeni kukonza njira zanu zogulitsira ndikukuthandizani kuti mupeze phindu.
4. Khalani Wosanthula Kuti Mupeze Chipambano Chamtsogolo
Sizili ngati onse ochita bwino omwe amapeza ndalama nthawi zonse amapeza bwino m'mabizinesi awo.
Ayi, ayi! Koma anali ndi mitengo yolondola kwambiri poneneratu za kukula kwa kampani yomwe adayikamo ndalama. Iwo adalakwitsapo kale, koma nthawi zonse amakonda kusanthula zolakwa zawo ndikuphunzira kusabwereza. Ndipo Ray nthawi zonse amathandizira popanga zisankho posanthula mwatsatanetsatane.
Ray, kuyambira ali kusukulu, anaphunzira kuvomereza kulephera kwake chifukwa cha zolakwa zake kapena za ena. Nthawi zonse ankatenga kulephera ngati njira yabwino yothetsera zolakwa komanso kukhala wogwira mtima kwambiri pakulosera za kupambana kwa ndalamazo.
Chimodzi mwa makiyi akuluakulu pakukulitsa kuthekera ndikumasuka ndi kulephera. Anthu ambiri amaopa kwambiri kulephera chifukwa amafuna kupewa kuoneka woipa kapena kuchita manyazi. Koma ngati mutha kugonjetsa mantha amenewo, ndiye kuti mutha kuphunzira mwachangu, kusintha mwachangu ndikupitilira malire omwe muli nawo pano.
Chifukwa chake, nthawi zonse vomerezani zofooka zanu, zisanthulani, phunzirani kwa iwo, ndipo khalani mogwira mtima nthawi ina kuti mupeze chipambano. Osachita manyazi ndi zolakwa chifukwa zolakwa ndizomwe zimathandizira kupanga PRO yanu paulendo wanu wobwereketsa.
5. Pangani Investment Portfolio Yanu Yodzaza Zosiyanasiyana
Pofufuza njira ya ndalama za Ray, ndinaganiza kuti amakhulupirira kupeza mwayi wopeza ndalama m'magawo osiyanasiyana kusiyana ndi kuyang'ana mtundu umodzi. Ngakhale ku Bridgewater Associates, adakwanitsa kupanga malo osiyanasiyana okhala ndi magawo osiyanasiyana.
"Chinthu chofunika kwambiri chomwe mungakhale nacho ndi kusakaniza bwino kwa kagawidwe ka chuma. Chifukwa chake, zomwe wobwereketsa akuyenera kuchita ndikukhala ndi mbiri yabwino, yokhazikika - mbiri yomwe imachita bwino m'malo osiyanasiyana. Ee tamweelede kuzyiba kuti tulazunda. Tiyenera kukhala ndi ma bets osiyanasiyana. ”
Lingaliro lofunikira la mbiri yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo. Bwanji? Poikapo ndalama mumitundu yosiyanasiyana yamabizinesi, mumatha kuchepetsa ziwopsezo zakutaya ndalama mumtundu umodzi wabizinesi popanda kuchepetsera phindu lanu lonse.
Mutha kuonjezeranso kuchuluka komwe mumapeza ndalama powonjezerapo mitundu yatsopano komanso yosiyanasiyana yamabizinesi ku mbiri yanu. Muthanso kuchepetsa chiwopsezo powonetsetsa kuti makampani kapena mabungwe omwe mumayikamo akugwira ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito. Mwanjira imeneyi, ngati bizinesi imodzi, monga ngati ya magalimoto, ikumana ndi mavuto azachuma, mudzakhalabe ndi ndalama zina zomwe sizikukhudzidwa ndi kusauka kwachuma.
Mbiri yosiyana siyana sayenera kuphatikiza masheya amakampani osiyanasiyana, komanso ma bond ndi mwagwirizana ndalama. Mungafune kuwonjezera nyumba ndi zomangidwa ku mbiri yanu yoyika ndalama ngati muli ndi likulu kuti muchite zimenezo. Malo ndi chuma chogwirika chomwe nthawi zonse chimagulitsidwa ndi ndalama ndipo chikhoza kubwereka pamene mukuchigwiritsa ntchito kuti mupeze ndalama.
Zochitika zanu zaumwini zidzakuuzani momwe mbiri yamitundu yosiyanasiyana imawonekera kwa inu. Mukakhala ndi ndalama zambiri zogulira, m'pamenenso mudzakhala ndi njira zambiri zofalitsira zoopsa zanu.
Chifukwa chake, mukamayika ndalama m'matangadza, nthawi zonse onetsetsani kuti masheya anu ali okhazikika komanso opangidwa molingana ndi makampani. Mbiri iyi ikuthandizani kuti mupeze phindu kuchokera ku bungwe lina ngati gawo lina lataya.
6. Ikani Ndalama Kumalo Anu Achidwi
Ray nthawi zonse amati,
"Chiwopsezo chimakula chifukwa chosadziwa zomwe ukuchita."
Kuyika ndalama pamisika yamsika kumafuna kuphunzira mozama, ndipo chifukwa chake, chidwi chanu chofuna kudziwa zamtundu winawake ndichofunika. Ngati mulibe chidwi ndi katundu wina, simungathe kufotokoza mozama za kampaniyo chifukwa mumaiona kuti ndi yotopetsa kapena yolemetsa, choncho pezani kampani yomwe ingakusangalatseni.
Warren Buffett, Investor wamkulu wanthawi zonse, amalimbikitsanso kuyika ndalama pazinthu zomwe mumamvetsetsa. Izi zimachokera ku chiphunzitso chakuti ngati simukuchimvetsa, simungadziwiretu, ndipo ngati simungathe kuneneratu, simudziwa ngati sichiwerengedwa.
7. Musakhale Wopanga zisankho mwachangu
Mumsika wogulitsa, palibe chomwe chiri chotsimikizika - pali masiku pamene kampani imapeza graph yopita patsogolo ndi kugwa. Chifukwa chake, kampani ikachita bwino mwadzidzidzi ikumana ndi kugwa - musakhale okonzeka kubweza ndalama zanu pogulitsa masheya pa phindu lalikulu, koma khulupirirani kafukufuku wanu, gwiritsitsani, ndikupeza phindu lanu.
Ray Dalio nthawi ina anati,
Mutha kufanizira izi ndi zomwe zikuchitika ku Russia ndi Ukraine pomwe msika wapadziko lonse lapansi udagwa. Osunga ndalama ambiri adapezerapo mwayi pa ngoziyi kuti agule masheya m'makampani abwino pamitengo ya miyala, ndipo ena adagwetsa misozi pomwe adagulitsa masheya awo mwangozi.
Chifukwa chake, muzochitika zotere, nthawi zonse khalani gulu loyamba la Investor kuti mupeze mwayi ngakhale pakugwa kwa msika ndi kafukufuku wanu wamphamvu kuti mupeze phindu lalikulu m'tsogolomu.
8. Chilichonse Chili Ndi Tsiku Lake Lotha Ntchito
Osunga ndalama ambiri amalakwitsa polingalira chochitika chimodzi choyipa ngati chotsatira cha moyo wonse.
Ray Dalio sakhulupirira zikhulupiriro zotere; akunena - Palibe muyaya, ngakhale kupambana kapena kugwa. Ngati mukutsimikiza za kafukufuku wanu ndi kulingalira kwanu, mupeza bwino, koma kukayika kwanu kumodzi mu kafukufuku wanu kungakupangitseni kukumana ndi kugwa kwanu.
Komanso, masheya omwe ankapereka phindu lalikulu m'mbuyomu sangakupatseni kubweza komweko m'tsogolomu.
“Pochita malonda uyenera kukhala wodzitchinjiriza komanso waukali nthawi imodzi. Ngati simuli waukali, simupeza ndalama, ndipo ngati mulibe chitetezo, simusunga ndalama.
Ray akufuna kuti mudziwe kuti mukagulitsa katundu, onetsetsani kuti mumayang'ana momwe kampani ikuyendera pafupipafupi. Mwanjira imeneyo, ngati kampani ikupita patsogolo pa ndandanda, mudzadziwa kuti kafukufuku wanu anali wolondola. Koma ngati kampaniyo ikukumana ndi mavuto, mutha kutenga ndalama zanu kwina. Diso loyang'ana m'malo anu oyika ndalama ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ochita bwino ndalama.
Kuphatikiza Pamwamba
Chifukwa chake, kuchokera paulendo wandalama wa Ray Dalio, nazi zomwe mwatenga:
- Tanthauzirani mfundo, zitsatireni mpaka kumapeto, ndipo musataye mtima ndi kafukufuku wochititsa chidwi yemwe si wanu.
- Phunzirani ku zolakwa zanu kuti mupange ndalama zoyenera.
- Osasankha njira yonyansa, koma njira yokhala ndi zodabwitsa zambiri, komabe yokhutiritsa komanso yopindulitsa.
- Pezani zokonda zanu ndikupanga zinthu zanu.
- Khalani osanthula, ndipo phunzirani pa zolakwa zanu. Ndi bwino kulakwitsa, kupeza bwino.
- Osathamangira zisankho munthawi yamavuto, makamaka pamsika wamasheya.
- Kumbukirani, kupambana kwanu ndi kugwa kwanu ndi kwakanthawi.
Ndikupangira kuti mubwerezenso maphunziro awa a Ray Dalio muzochita zanu zatsiku ndi tsiku ndikukhala ochita bwino msika wamsika.
Ndikhulupilira pogawana nzeru zomwe anthu ammudzi ayenera kudziwa zokhudza ndalama za msika. Ngati muli ndi kukaikira za nzeru zandalama za Ray Dalio, omasuka kufunsa, ndingakhale wokondwa kuchotsa kukayikira kwanu ndikukuthandizani kumanga ntchito yanu yobwereketsa.
Wodala ndalama!
Siyani Mumakonda