Iwe uri investor unofarira kutsvaga masheya ekudyara mariri? Iwe haugone kusarudza kana iyo stock yakawandisa kana isingakosheswi uye unoda kuziva kana iwe uchifanira kutanga kutenga izvozvi kana gare gare? A simple valuation ratio inogona kuva mhinduro yako.
Panzvimbo pekutora zano kubva kune mumwe munhu nekuda kwekuti ane mukurumbira, iwe unofanirwa kuisa pfungwa pakuyedza kuona kana stock isingakosheswe kana kwete iwe pachako. Iwe unogona kunge uchinetseka kana izvi zvichitogoneka. Mhinduro ndihongu!
Kuti tinzwisise pfungwa iyi, ngatitangei tione kuti zvii zvisingakosheswi ndezvipi, uye ndezvipi zvinhu zvikuru zvinoita kuti stock isakosheswe.
chii istock isingakosheswi here?
Sitoko isingakosheswe ndiyo yaunotenda kuti inofanirwa kuve yakakosha kupfuura zvayave parizvino. Kana musika uchibvumirana newe, ipapo ichakwira. Iyo yakanyanya kusakosheswa stock ndeye, iyo yakawanda yepurofiti yaunogona kuita. Asi ziva zvishoma kuti haina kukosheswa.
An undervalued stock trades zvishoma pane kukosha kwayo kwemukati. Iko kukosha kwemukati, kana kutaura, kukosha kwekuvharwa kwekambani pamwe nemari yayo inotarisirwa yeramangwana sekuderedzwa nemutengo wakakodzera. Warren Buffett inotsanangura kukosha kwemukati seukoshi hwazvino hwekugovera kwese kweramangwana kune vanogovana.
A stock inogona kukanganiswa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda, zvimwe zvacho ndezvenguva pfupi uye zvimwe zvisiri.
Ngatione kuti chii chinoita kuti masheya asakosheswe.
Chikonzero Chikuru Kuti Stock Ive Isingakosheswi
Mastock anowana kushomeka nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana. Heino mienzaniso mishoma yekuti stock inogona kusakosheswa sei:
- Kuparara kwemusika
apo pamusika wemari mabhomba, kazhinji inoputika mushure menguva pfupi. Izvi zvinodaidzwa sebubble. Kana vatengesi vakanyanya kuva netariro pamusoro pemitengo yepamusoro yemugove, vanotanga kutengesa zvigaro zvavo nekukurumidza. Kutengesa uku kunonzi panic selling, uye zvinoita kuti mitengo yemisika idzikire.
Uchiri kurangarira dot-com bubble?
Kutenga masheya, kana izvi zvaitika, zvinokupa iwe mukana wekutenga masheya nemutengo wakaderera.
- Negative coverage
Kunyanya kutaurwa kwenhau dzisina kunaka nezvenyaya yenguva pfupi kunoita kuti stock iderere.
Semuenzaniso, ngatiti kambani inomhan'arirwa nemumwe munhu anoti chigadzirwa chayo chakarwarisa. Ichokwadi kuti pane nyaya yakamirira inokonzera kuti mari idonhe kubva kuRs 200 kusvika kuRs 100. Vanogovana vanorasikirwa nehafu yemari yavo.
Asi kana kambani ikakunda mhosva, stock inodzokera kuRs 200 kana kutopfuura.
- Kusatya
Chitoro chinogona kusakosheswa nekuti hapana vanhu vakakwana vanoziva nezvazvo, kana nekuti havana kunzwisisa zvavanoziva. Mazhinji ekutanga anombokosheswa nekuti hapana vanhu vakakwana vanoziva nezvawo. Izvo chete mushure mekunge vabudirira kuti mutengo unobata nekukosha.
- Vakwikwidzi vakasimba
Vakwikwidzi vakasimba (kana vanokanganisa vatsva vemusika) vanoita kuti vatengesi vatende kuti femu iri munjodzi.
Semuenzaniso, ngatitii kune indasitiri ine makambani maviri chete mairi: A uye B. Kambani A ine mari yakapetwa kaviri sekambani B, asi kambani B ine purofiti yakapetwa kaviri paRupee yemari.
Ndeipi ichatengeswa nekuwedzera?
Zvinoenderana nekuti vanhu vanokoshesa sei purofiti vs mari. Zvose zviratidzo
- Kuderedzwa nevanoongorora
Kana muongorori akadzikisira stock, stock inowanzo dzika. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya kana kudzikisira kwauya kusati kwaburitswa muhoro wekota. Muongorori anodzikisa mutengo wavo wavanotarirwa uye chiyero pane stock nekuti ivo vanotarisira kuti kambani ichapotsa mihoro yekufungidzira.
Ivo vakanyanya kutarisisa kwenguva pfupi, vasingatarise kugona kwekambani kwenguva refu kana tarisiro yekukura.
Dzimwe nguva, kambani ichabuda nemari yakanaka asi ichiri kudzikiswa nekuti haina kurova zvinotarisirwa. Zvinowanzoita zvakanaka kune vanopikisa vanoisa mari kutenga mumabhizinesi emhando yepamusoro kana makambani aya asingakosheswi.
Iyi ingori mienzaniso mishoma yezviitiko zvinowanzoitika izvo zvinogona kuita kuti stock idonhe mukukosha.
Ngatienderere mberi kune nzira dzekuziva stock isingakosheswe.
Nzira shanu dzekuwana masheya asina kukosha
1. Mubhadharo
Kukosha kwekambani chero ipi zvayo kunogona kutariswa nekutarisa mari yainowana.
Ichi ndicho chikonzero mwaka wemari unowedzera kusagadzikana kumakambani, sezvo vanoisa mari vanoedza kutenga masheya emhando yepamusoro nemitengo inoyevedza. Kana kambani yanga ichikura mihoro nezvikamu gumi neshanu muzana pagore mumakore mashanu apfuura, uye iko zvino yave kutengesa ka15 mihoro, inogona kusakosheswa kana ichienzaniswa nekukura kwayo kwenhoroondo.
Kune rimwe divi, kana mihoro yave kuderera uye stock ichiri kutengeserana pamakumi maviri emari inowanikwa, ingangove yakawandisa. Ndinoda kukurudzira kuti utarise chikamu cheP / E chekambani.
P / E Ratio: The price-to-earnings (P/E) reshiyo imwe yezvinonyanya kushandiswa reshiyo mu bhizimisi nekuti zviri nyore kuverenga. Inoratidza kuti vangani vanoisa mari vanoda kushandisa pamari inoenderana nemari inowanikwa pachikamu (EPS).
Kuti uverenge chiyero cheP/E, patsanura mutengo wega wega neEPS. Mihoro pagomendi ndiyo purofiti yekambani yakakamurwa nehuwandu hwezvikamu.
P/E Ratio = Mutengo paMugove / Muhoro wega wega
Ramba uchifunga kuti P / E zviyero zvinogona kusiyana zvichienderana neindasitiri. Kunyangwe imwe indasitiri yeP/E chiyero yakakura kupfuura imwe, iyo stock inogona kuramba isingakosheswi.
Chiyero cheP / E chekambani chinoenderana neindasitiri uye nhanho yekuvandudza kwekambani. Semuyenzaniso, makambani ane hutsva hwakanyanya semafemu etekinoroji anowanzo aine maP/E akakwira sezvavanoisa mari yakawanda mukutsvaga nekusimudzira; sezvo makambani aya achikura, P/Es yavo inodzika.
2. Zvikamu
Imwe nzira yekukoshesa masheya ndeyekugovera. A dividend inoratidza kuti kambani ine mari inoyerera yakakwana kubhadhara imwe purofiti yayo kune vanoisa mari nguva dzose. Makambani anogara achibhadhara migove anowanzova akakura uye akagadzikana pane ayo asingadaro uye anogona kuve asina njodzi yekuisa mari.
Dividend goho rinoyera kuti imarii yaunowana padhora rega rega rakaiswa mustock. Inoverengwa nekugovanisa zvikamu zvegore negore nemutengo pamugove wega wega uye kuaratidza sechikamu. Iyo yakakura goho remugove, mari yakawanda yauchawana.
Dividend Goho = Zvikamu Zvegore Negovi / Kukosha Kwemusika Pamugove
Ndosaka masheya epamusoro-soro achiwanzoonekwa se "value" stocks. Iwo anowanzo kuve akakura, makambani akagadzikana anoburitsa mari isingachinjiki inoyerera nekufamba kwenguva.
Migove zvakare inobvumidza iwe kuwana iwe paunomirira kuti makambani ako asingadhure awedzere mutengo. Iwe unofanirwa kusarudza kambani inobhadhara nguva dzose zvikamu.
3. Mutengo weBhuku Value Ratio
Mutengo-ku-bhuku (P/B) ireshiyo yeinvestment valuation inofananidza kukosha kweasethi yekambani kune mari yayo yemusika. Dzimwe nguva, metric iyi inozivikanwawo se "musika-ku-bhuku" reshiyo. P/B inogona kushandiswa kuenzanisa makambani nemumwe, kana mukati mekambani imwe chete nekufamba kwenguva.
Chiyero cheP/B chinotarwa nekupatsanura mutengo wemari iripo nekukosha kwebhuku pachikamu chimwe nechimwe.
P/B Ratio = Mutengo weMusika pachikamu / Kukosha kweBhuku pachikamu
Iwe unogona kuwana kukosha kwebhuku pachikamu chimwe nechimwe pane pepa remari. Izvo zvinoenderana nemidziyo uye zvikwereti zvefemu.
Kana chiyero cheP/B chakaderera pane 1, zvinoreva kuti waigona kutenga zvinhu zvese zvekambani iyi nemari shoma pane zviri kutaurwa nemusika wavo. Mune mamwe mazwi, uri kuwana mutero wekutenga zvinhu zvekambani iyi uye bhizinesi.
Kana chikamu chemutengo-ku-bhuku chinopfuura 1, zvinoreva kuti uri kubhadhara zvakanyanya kudarika izvo kambani yakakosha.
Chiyero cheP / B hachina kunyatsoenderana nekukura kwemasheya. Zviri nani kukoshesa kukoshesa masheya, ayo kazhinji asina mihoro kana kurasikirwa kudiki, asi izvo zvinogona kunge zvichiri kunakidza mari.
4. Chikwereti kuEquity Ratio
Chikwereti kuequity ratio chinoshandiswa kuyera huwandu hwemari hwekambani. Inoverengerwa nekugovanisa chikwereti chenguva refu neve shareholders' equity. Iyo yakakwira reshiyo, iyo kambani inowedzera kuwedzera.
D/E Ratio = Zvose Zvikwereti / Total Equity
Iwe unogona kutarisa kana sengo yacho isingakosheswi kana kwete nekutarisa chikwereti-ku-equity ratio uye uchienzanisa neindasitiri yepakati chikwereti-ku-equity ratio. Chikonzero chandinofarira kuenzanisa kambani yangu nevamwe muindasitiri yayo ndechekuti indasitiri yega yega ine "tsika" dzakasiyana kana zvasvika pakukwereta mari. Kune zvakare akasiyana mutero zvichienderana nekuti une bhizinesi rudzii.
Ndiyo imwe yenhamba dzakanyanya kukosha kutarisa paunenge uchikoshesa kambani. Kana uine maRs 1 Crore mupurofiti uye maRs 2 Crore muchikwereti, izvo hazvina kunaka, kunyangwe uine maRs 1 Crore mupurofiti.
Chikonzero chinoita kuti vatengesi vakawanda vade kutarisa nhamba iyi ndechekuti vanoda kutenga makambani achakwanisa kubhadhara chikwereti chavo. Saka, kana iwe ukadyara mukambani, unenge uine chokwadi chekuti kambani ine mari yakakwana iri kuuya, saka inogona kushanda chikwereti chayo.
5. Dzokera paEquity
Return on equity, kana ROE, inoyera kuti manejimendi anoshandisa sei investor capital. Aya ndiwo maverengero aunoita:
ROE = Net mari / Shareholder equity
Kambani kazhinji haikosheswi kana kudzoka kwayo kuequity kwakakwira kupfuura mwero wekukura kwayo. Kana iwe uri mutengi wekukosha, nzira iri nyore yekutonga kuti musika hauna kukosheswa here kana kwete ndeyekutarisa avhareji yekudzoka pakuenzana kwemusika. Kana iyo yakakwirira kudarika yenguva refu yekukura, saka haina kukoshesa.
Kana iwe ukatarisa data kubva 2000 kusvika ikozvino, avhareji yekudzoka pane equity yeIndia stocks yanga iri 14%. Unogonawo kuona kuti nhamba iyi inochinja nekufamba kwenguva – dzimwe nguva inokwira uye dzimwe nguva yakaderera. Pese painodzika kupfuura 10%, musika unopinda mudambudziko munguva pfupi. Muna 2001, 2008, na2020, nhamba iyi payakawira pasi pegumi muzana, takava berekai mushamba nguva pfupi mushure meizvozvo.
Final Words
Musika wacho wakaoma zvakanyanya kuti uve mutyairi anobudirira. Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha kuziva ndechekuti zvinhu zvakawanda zvinotarisa kukosha kwekambani.
Ichi ndicho chikonzero, usati watenga stock, zvakakosha zvakanyanya kuti wanyatsoita tsvagiridzo yako uye uve nesimba rakasimba. portfolio iyo inokubvumira kuti ubatisise kumasheya kunyange kana ichidonha mukukosha. Verenga Stock Market Research Zvishandiso muIndia kunyatsoongorora chero stock muIndia Markets.
Ndinovimba wakanakidzwa nechinyorwa chiri pamusoro, uye ndinoshuvira iwe rombo rakanaka mumusika wemasheya.
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