Uma ufuna ukuphumelela ekutshaleni imali, kubalulekile ukufunda ifilosofi yokutshala izimali yabatshalizimali abakhulu.
Omunye wabatshalizimali abahamba phambili owake waba ngu-Charlie Munger, owahlanganisa ulwazi lwakhe lwebhizinisi nohlaka olunengqondo oluyingqayizivele lomkhakha wezokusebenza kwengqondo futhi waguqula lokho kwaba indlela yokutshala imali eyamholela ekubeni enze kahle kakhulu izimakethe ezibanzi ngenani elimangalisayo.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi esiningi, masifunde ezifundweni zokutshala izimali ezivela ku-Charlie Munger ngethemba lokukugcwalisa ngolwazi olukhulu mayelana nokutshalwa kwezimali.
Kafushane NgoCharlie Munger
Akungabazeki ukuthi uCharlie Munger usengumtshalizimali ohamba phambili futhi omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni.
Impilo yakhe ifana nefilimu yedrama yaseMelika ebekwe ku-roller-coaster.
Kusukela ekubeni ngumfundi oneminyaka engu-19 ubudala wasekolishi waze waba umfundi wase-Harvard, usomabhizinisi omkhulu, kanye nozakwethu omkhulu webhizinisi. UWarren Buffett eBerkshire Hathaway, uCharlie usevulele impilo yakhe impumelelo enkulu.
Zonke izikweletu ngemuva kwempumelelo yakhe ziya ezindleleni zakhe zokutshala imali, ngokubona ithuba ngokubona izibalo namagrafu, enze izinqumo zokutshala imali kuzo, futhi aphume kukho ngendlela efanele. Njengamanje, u-Charlie Munger usezofinyelela ikhulu lakhe, futhi lapho eneminyaka engu-98, inani lakhe lilinganiselwa ku-USD 2.2 Billion.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, endabeni yakhe yokuphila, awukwazi ukudebeselela ukwethembeka kwakhe, ukusebenza kanzima, nesimo sengqondo esihle mayelana nokubhekana nezinselele zempilo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ingabe akuthakazelisi, kuyakhuthaza, futhi kuyakhuthaza? Yebo, kunjalo ngempela.
Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukufunda okuthile ezimisweni zakhe, ukuzethemba, ukuphikelela, nesimo sengqondo ngomsebenzi futhi sikusebenzise ukuze senze ukuphila kwethu kucebe ngendlela esifisa ngayo.
Manje, ake siye ezifundweni zokutshala izimali ezinethonya ezivela ku-Charlie Munger's Philosophy.
Ifilosofi yokutshalwa kwezimali kaCharlie Munger
Manje njengoba ngikhuluma ngefilosofi yokutshala izimali, ake sisho izingcaphuno nezinkolelo ezishiwo uCharlie Munger:
- Thina, bantu, sihlelelwe ukuthi sicabange ngenye indlela, ngakho-ke ngenkathi uhlela ukutshalwa kwezimali, kufanele uqale ugxile ezingozini ezikhona esitokweni. Uma usuhlakulele lo mkhuba wokuthola amaphutha, ngesikhathi esithile, uzogcina uthole amasheya anobungozi obuncane futhi abuya kangcono.
- Njengomtshali-zimali, kufanele uhlale ugxile ekusebenzeni kwebhizinisi kunomsebenzi walo wokuphatha.
- Ukutshala imali ebhizinisini elithembekile kuhlale kuwumkhuba ongcono kakhulu wokuzuza inzuzo ephezulu.
- Ngenkathi ucabanga ukutshala imali esitokweni isikhathi eside, kufanele ukhombe ibhizinisi ngokukhula okucishe kulingane ukuze uphindaphinde inzuzo yakho futhi wonge isabelo sakho ukuze singangeni ezandleni zezimbangi zakho.
- Ukutshalwa kwezimali kuyinto engaqinisekile, edinga ukugxila, ukulindela okungu-100%, ukwethemba umkhiqizo, kanye nocwaningo lwakho. Ngakho-ke, yiba nokholo oluthile ocwaningweni lwakho, yiba nesineke futhi ulinde ithuba elifanele lokuhlwitha inzuzo ephezulu.
Izifundo Eziyisithupha Ezibalulekile Zokutshala Ezivela Kufilosofi Yokutshalwa Kwezimali kaCharlie Munger:
1. Ukwethembeka:
UCharlie Munger ukholelwa ukuthi ukwethembeka kuwena nakumlingani wakho kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuzuza impumelelo oyifunayo.
Lapha, ukwethembeka kungabhekiselwa kukho ngokwempilo noma ibhizinisi. Akunandaba ukuthi ubona ukutshalwa kwezimali ngaluphi uhlangothi, kufanele uhlale uthembekile ezinqumweni ozenzayo, imibono yakho, kanye nawo wonke umuntu osebenzisana naye.
Mayelana nemakethe yamasheya, ukwethembeka ngomzwelo wakho kuyisihluthulelo sokuthola imbuyiselo engcono.
Hhayi lokho kuphela, ukuze uthole utshalomali olungcono kakhulu, kufanele futhi uthole inkampani ethembekile ongatshala kuyo ukuze uqinisekise imbuyiselo enhle.
Kulokhu, ekutshalweni kwezimali, uma inkampani otshala kuyo ingathembekile kubatshalizimali, ukubuyisela okucatshangelwayo kungase kube ukukhohlisa noma ngamagama alula, kuholela ekujikeni okungamanga.
2. Ukuphikelela:
Ifilosofi yokutshala izimali kaCharlie Munger incoma ukuthi abatshalizimali abakhulayo baphikelele endleleni yabo eya empumelelweni ohambweni lwabo lwemakethe yamasheya.
Impilo kanye ne stock market kokubili kugcwele ukungaqiniseki lapho ungazi ukuthi yini ezolandela futhi yonakalise ukuqagela kwethu, futhi lapho ukubhekana nokungaqiniseki okunjalo nezinselele nakho kuyingxenye yenqubo yokuba ngcono.
Uma uhlobanisa isimo sengqondo sokubhekana nezinselele, sisho ngokuqondile ubuntu bakho futhi sinquma isikhundla sakho, kungaba njengomnqobi noma ohluliwe.
Futhi esimweni semakethe yamasheya, ubuntu kuphela obungakwazi ukuma, kuze kube sekupheleni yibo onqobayo ngokuzethemba okukhulu.
Ngakho, ungenza kanjani ubuntu bakho bube yibo obuphumelelayo?
Yebo, ngokuba umdlali wemakethe yamasheya ophikelelayo, noma ngokuba inkunzi yemakethe noma ibhere lemakethe.
Noma ngabe ibuphi ubuntu obukhethayo ngenkathi usebenza nemakethe yamasheya, hlala uhlose ukuphikelela kubuntu bakho, imigomo, ukwethembeka, kanye nezimiso.
3. Ukuzethemba:
Phakathi nalolu hambo olukhulu njengomholi wemakethe kanye nomtshali-zimali ophumelelayo, uCharlie Munger wayehlale ezonda ukuzidabukela.
Njengoba wazi, emakethe yamasheya, akukho okuqinisekile. Ngezinye izikhathi uhola kakhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ulahlekelwa kakhulu. Ezimweni ezingezinhle, abantu abaningi bathambekele ekulandeleni amathonya angalungile, njengokuhlakulela imikhuba yokuphuza, imikhuba yokubhema, njll.
Ngasohlangothini olumnyama lwemakethe yamasheya, kusobala kubantu ukuthi bazizwe bezidabukela, balahlekelwe ukuzethemba, futhi bahlakulele eminye imikhuba eminingi engalungile.
Ngezikhathi zakhe ezimnyama emakethe yamasheya, uCharlie Munger wayengakaze adlale ingxenye yesisulu futhi azidabukele. Esikhundleni salokho, akwenza kwakuwukuhlaziya amaphutha akhe, izindawo zakhe eziyimpumputhe ekuqageleni kwakhe, futhi enze isisekelo sakhe sibe namandla, ukuze angaphinde asibone leso sikhathi.
Mayelana nalo mcimbi, uCharlie uthe, “Uma kukhona ongakusiza ezikhathini ezinzima….nguwe.”
Ukuzidabukela kuhlale kuhlose ukuba yikhadi lesisulu futhi uthole uzwela nokunakwa kubantu. Ebona ububi bokuzisola, uCharlie waphetha ngokuthi ukuzidabukela kuholela ezingeni elibi kakhulu elingonakalisa umuntu ngokomzwelo noma ngokwezimali.
Ngakho-ke, uCharlie uthi bonke abathengisi nabatshalizimali kufanele babheke iphuzu elihle endabeni yokuhweba ngokulingana kunokuba babone uhlangothi oluhawukelayo.
Khona-ke, waqhubeka, uma uthola inzuzo ekutshalweni kwakho kwezimali, gubha, kodwa uma kungenjalo, qhubekela kwenye i-investment noma uzivuselele ngoba ukunamathela entweni eyodwa ngeke kukunike isiphetho kunokuchitha isikhathi namandla akho.
4. Ukuzithiba:
UCharlie Munger wake washo izinsika ezintathu zokutshalwa kwezimali ezimakethe zamasheya, okuhlanganisa ukwethembeka, i-Ethics, kanye ne-Discipline. Lezi zinsika ezintathu azikhawulelwe kuphela ekutshalweni kwezimali ezimakethe zamasheya kodwa zingabhekiselwa ezimeni zebhizinisi kanye nempilo yomuntu siqu.
Mayelana nebhizinisi, ukwethembeka nokuziphatha ngendlela efanele kungasiza kakhulu ukukhulisa ibhizinisi, ukuletha ingcebo, ubuhlakani, ingqalasizinda enkulu, nokunye okuningi.
Ngokusebenzisa lezi zimiso ezintathu, noma yimuphi umtshali-zimali kanye nomthengisi bangabhekana ne-bar ephezulu yemakethe yamasheya futhi bathole kalula ku-dynamics yemakethe.
5. Indlela Enhle Yokufunda Amasu Amasha:
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kumayelana nokutshala izimali ezimakethe zamasheya noma kunoma yiluphi olunye udaba lwezezimali noma okungezona ezemali, kufanele kulindelwe umbono omuhle mayelana nokufunda izindlela ezintsha zokubhekana nezinkinga nokuxazulula izinkinga.
Kuleyo nqubo, ungase ufunde inqwaba yezincwadi, ubukele amavidiyo ochwepheshe bezihloko, futhi ufunde namabhulogi ahlobene nemikhuba engcono kakhulu.
Kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi ugcine isimo sengqondo sokusungula izinto ezintsha futhi ufunde izinto ezintsha.
UCharlie Munger uthi kunezixazululo ezingenakubalwa ezitholakalayo zenkinga eyodwa, okuvela kuzo, ezinye izixazululo osuzazi.
Kodwa abanye ungase ungazi ukuthi yisiphi isixazululo esikahle noma indlela engcono kakhulu yokubhekana nenkinga uma uqhathanisa naleyo osuyazi. Ngakho-ke, kulolu daba, kuzofanele uzigcine ugxilile futhi uzame ezinye izixazululo ngokugcina ezakho eceleni.
Indlela efanayo iyasebenza esu lokutshala izimali. Awukwazi njalo ukusebenzisa indlela efanayo kumasu okutshalwa kwezimali okuhlukene.
Ngamagama alula, yonke inzalo entsha idinga indlela entsha yamasu, futhi ngokwenza lokho, wena njengomtshalizimali kufanele ulindele.
6. Yenza Uhlu Lokuhlola:
Njengomtshali-zimali, kufanele uzibekele imigomo ethile kanye nezilinganiso ngenkathi uhlela ukutshala kunoma yisiphi isitoko noma ukulingana.
Ngokuka-Charles, uhlu lokuhlola ukutshalwa kwezimali, lugcina abatshalizimali behlelekile, futhi luzofaka nemingcele elandelayo:
- Ingozi: Khomba izitoko ezinengcuphe ephansi ukuze uvikele noma ubuyisele utshalomali lwakho ukuthi lungehli.
- Ukuzethemba: Esizindeni sokutshalwa kwezimali, wonke umtshali-zimali, umeluleki, umenzeli, nomeluleki unombono ohlukile, futhi ukungqubuzana kwengqondo nabo kungokwemvelo. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ulandele ukufunda kwakho futhi uvule indlela yakho yokuthola impumelelo ekutshalweni kwezimali.
- Ukufuna ukusimama okungcono kwekusasa: Ngaphambi kokutshala imali kunoma yisiphi isitoko, kufanele wenze ucwaningo olunzulu ngesitoko, njenge:
- Yini eyenza kube inketho ethembekile yokutshalwa kwezimali kwesitoko?
- Ingakanani ingozi ehilelekile?
- Iyini imbuyiselo noma isilinganiso sokutholwa kwe-investimenti?
Neminye imibuzo eminingi efanayo.
Ukugoqa Up:
UCharlie Munger wake wathi -
“Hlala uthatha umgwaqo ophakeme, awugcwele kakhulu!”
Namuhla, lapho abantu befuna idili elingcono kakhulu ukuze bathole okuthile ngentengo engcono kakhulu kodwa bakulungele ukuyekethisa kulwazi oluseqophelweni eliphezulu, wena njengomtshali-zimali kufanele ulandele indlela enabantu abambalwa lapho kukhona ongqondongqondo besikhathi eside kuphela.
Ngakho-ke, ekugcineni, engingakusho ukuthi, ukutshalwa kwezimali kuyinto engenakucatshangwa isikhathi esifushane. Ukuze uhambe ngokuphepha kakhulu, ukubhekwa nezinhlelo zesikhathi eside kuyadingeka ukuze uthole imiphumela ehlongozwayo.
Ukukugcina kufushane, ngizothi, ukwaziswa, ukhuthele, ukuzethemba, kanye namasu okuba umtshali-zimali ongcono kakhulu njengoCharlie Munger.
shiya impendulo