Uma ubheke ukuba ngumtshali-zimali ophumelelayo, khona-ke kunengqondo ukufunda kumuntu osevele ungumtshali-zimali ophumelelayo. Kukhona abatshalizimali abaningi eNdiya futhi bambalwa kuphela abangathathwa njengabatshalizimali abakhulu.
Kubo bonke abatshalizimali abadumile eNdiya, uRakesh Jhunjunwala ungomunye wabatshalizimali abahamba phambili.
Akayena nje omunye wabatshalizimali abaphumelele kakhulu e-India, kodwa futhi uhlonishwa kakhulu, futhi ufunwa ngabanye abatshalizimali kanye nezinkunzi zebhizinisi.
Ake sibheke izifundo eziyishumi ezibalulekile esingazifunda ku-Rakesh Jhunjhunwala mayelana nendlela yokuba umtshali-zimali ophumelelayo.
1. Ukutshala imali kufanele kube isihloko ozizwa kakhulu ngaso
UJhunjhunwala uphakamisa ukuthi abantu abafuna ukuthuthukisa uthando ukufunda mayelana nemakethe yamasheya kufanele acwaninge ngokufunda nokuxoxa nabanye abasebhizinisini lokutshala izimali.
Ukholelwa ukuthi awusoze wahlakulela uthando lokufunda uma uthembele kwabanye ukuze uthole amathiphu noma iziphakamiso zezimakethe zamasheya.
Uthando luka-Rakesh Jhunjhunwala ngemakethe yamasheya lwaqala lapho esengumfana omncane. Wayevame ukubuza uyise, ukuthi imakethe yamasheya isebenza kanjani futhi wayemangazwa ukuthi amanani ashintshashintsha kanjani nsuku zonke.
Njengomuntu omdala, uthando lwakhe izimali kwamholela ekwenzeni izinqumo ezihlakaniphile futhi ahlale ekhuthazekile naphezu kokuhluleka kwakhe ekuqaleni. Usajabulela ukuya emihlanganweni yekota kanye nama-AGM ezinkampani atshala kuzo.
Ubuza imibuzo kubaphathi futhi ubanikeza impendulo eqotho. Ukwenza kanjalo, hhayi ngoba kufanele, kodwa ngenxa yesifiso esinamandla sokubona utshalomali lwakhe luletha inzuzo.
2. Ukubekezela kuyimfanelo
Ukuze uphumelele njengomtshali-zimali, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi ukutshala imali kuyisiphakamiso sesikhathi eside. Udinga ukuqaphela ukuthi kuzothatha iminyaka eyishumi noma ngaphezulu ukubona imiphumela yokutshalwa kwezimali kwakho.
U-Rakesh Jhunjhunwala, okuthiwa yi-Big Bull yase-Dalal Street, ungumtshalizimali wesikhathi eside. Unesineke esikhulu esitokisini sakhe futhi waziwa ukuthi ubambelele kubo iminyaka.
Ubelokhu etshala imali ku-Titan Company Ltd, iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili manje futhi wenze imbuyiselo engaphezu kuka-1,000 % ekutshaleni kwakhe kokuqala esitokweni.
Uthi utshala ebhizinisini lenkampani, hhayi isitoko sayo, futhi akawadayisi amasheya ngisho nangesikhathi kulungiswa iStock Market.
Usebone imijikelezo eminingi e-Stock Market kangangokuthi akakhathazwa ukwehliswa kwesikhashana.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi izinto eziyisisekelo zenkampani ziqhuba intengo yesitoko esikhathini eside.
Ezimweni eziningi, intengo yesitoko ibonisa amandla okukhula enkampani phakathi neminyaka emihlanu kuya kweyisikhombisa ezayo. Uma uthenga unyaka noma emibili, kuwukuqagela nje okumsulwa.
Lokhu akusho ukuthi umuntu kufanele athenge noma yisiphi isitoko futhi asibambe iminyaka eyisikhombisa. Kudingeka kuhlanganiswe nokukhuthala okufanele kanye nokuqonda amandla enkampani okukhula kanye namathemba ebhizinisi esikhathi esizayo.
3. Wasebenzise ngokunenzuzo amathuba owabonayo
Esinye sezifundo ezibaluleke kakhulu ezivela ku-Rakesh Jhunjhunwala ukuthi umtshali-zimali kufanele alungele ukubamba ithuba. Umtshali-zimali odumile ukholelwa ukuthi amathuba adalwa ngokukhuphuka nokwehla kwezimakethe.
Isibonelo sakhe yinhlekelele yezimali emhlabeni wonke yango-2008, lapho athenga khona amasheya ngesaphulelo kuyilapho ayengahlonishwa kakhulu emakethe.
Uphinde wasebenzisa ithuba lomhlangano wamasheya wokhetho lwango-2014 ngokubhukha inzuzo ekutshaleni kwakhe imali. Ngokwenza lokhu, uthi, abatshalizimali kumele baqaphele amazinga abo okubekezelela ubungozi futhi bangalokothi besabe ukulahlekelwa.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, ngokusho kwakhe, umuntu akasoze enze imali uma esaba ukulahlekelwa yiyo. Impumelelo yemakethe yamasheya incike kumlingiswa wakho kanye nesimo sakho sengqondo kunakunoma yiziphi ezinye izici.
Ukumaketha kwamasheya kuwumdlalo wezinzwa. Akufanele ujatshuliswe noma ucindezeleke ngenxa yokwenyuka nokwehla kwezintengo zesitoko.
Ngingancoma ukuthi uhlale unemali eyisipele esandleni ukuze usebenzise amathuba njengoba eqhamuka. Ukutshala yonke imali yakho ezimakethe zamasheya kuyingozi, njengoba umlando ubonise ukuthi izinzuzo eziguquguqukayo zingaba umjikelezo.
4. Uma utshala kakhulu ngokomzwelo esitokweni, maningi amathuba okuba ulahlekelwe inani
Sonke siyizwile indaba yomngane othenge isitoko, leso sitoko sakhuphuka.
Ngakho-ke, wanquma ukutshala imali kwenye, ecabanga ukuthi “Nginenhlanhla kakhulu ngale nto yokutshala imali. Ake ngikwenze futhi.”
Ukutshala imali okungokomzwelo okunjalo kungenye yamaphutha amakhulu ongawenza ngenkathi utshala imali. Kuvela ekuntuleni ulwazi kanye nokuntula ukuqonda okukhulu nakakhulu ukuthi kungani uthenge kwasekuqaleni.
U-Rakesh Jhunjhunwala ukholelwa ukuthi abatshalizimali kufanele bafunde ukucindezela imizwa yabo futhi baziphathe njengemishini ukuze baphumelele. Uma ungumtshali-zimali ongashintshi, udinga ukuba nokholo kumjikelezo wezomnotho kanye nefilosofi yakho yokutshala izimali.
Uma uqinile kufilosofi yakho yokutshala izimali, uzokwenza imali kuleli bhizinisi.
Ukuze ube umtshali-zimali omkhulu udinga ukuphambana nomzwelo wakho wemvelo futhi wamukele ukuziphatha okuthile okuphikisayo.
Esikhundleni sokwesaba lapho abanye behaha futhi behaha lapho abanye besaba, kudingeka siziphathe ngokuphambene ngokuthenga okuphansi nokudayisa phezulu.
5. Tshala imali emabhizinisini anenzuzo yokuncintisana
U-Rakesh Jhunjhunwala waziwa ngempumelelo yakhe ekutholeni izinkampani ezinomkhawulo wokuncintisana. Ubheka izinkampani ezinemikhiqizo noma izinsizakalo okunzima ukuziphindaphinda impumelelo yazo.
Ukutshala izimali ezinkampanini ezinjalo, ukholelwa ukuthi, kunikeza abatshalizimali ithuba lokuncintisana.
Le filosofi yokutshala izimali ibonakala imsebenzele kahle; etshale imali ezitokisini ezinjengeNazara Tech, Delta Corps, CRISIL, Jhunjhunwala ubone ingcebo yakhe ikhula ngokuhamba kweminyaka.
U-Rakesh Jhunjhunwala ukholelwa ukuthi inkampani ayikwazi ukwandisa inzuzo yayo uma ingekho onqenqemeni lwemboni yayo.
Le filosofi ihlobene eduze nombono we-moat yebhizinisi. URakesh Jhunjhunwala udume ngokuthi ubheka amabhizinisi anemisele ebanzi uma etshala imali.
Umsele wenkampani kungaba yinoma yini eyinikeza umkhawulo phezu kwezimbangi zayo, kungaba izinzuzo zesikali noma inani lomkhiqizo, noma amalungelo obunikazi empahla.
Ngakho-ke kufanele ubheke izinkampani ezinenzuzo ethile ngaphezu kwezimbangi zazo.
6. Tshala imali esitokweni ngaphambi kokuba sidume
U-Rakesh Jhunjhunwala uthi akalona uhlobo lomuntu ongathanda ukuba yingxenye yesixuku. Yimvelo yakhe nje.
Mhlawumbe kusezakhini zofuzo zakhe noma okuthize. Akazi ukuthi kungani ethanda ukuma yedwa enze izinto ngendlela ehlukile, kodwa nguyena lowo.
Uma ubheka irekhodi lakhe lethrekhi kule minyaka, ubelokhu elungile isikhathi esiningi futhi engalungile ngezinye izikhathi futhi, kodwa ukuwina kwakhe okukhulu bekulokhu kuvela ekuthengeni amasheya angathandwayo.
Uthi njalo kungcono ukuthi uthenge indaba yenkampani kube kungekho okhuluma ngayo.
Uma ukholelwa ukuthi inkampani inamandla amakhulu, akunandaba ukuthi isebenza kanjani njengamanje, kufanele uzame ukuthola ukuthi isebenze kanjani kule minyaka emibili kuya kwemithathu edlule nokuthi ayini amathuba ayo.
Uma uthola ukuthi zinhle, khona-ke ungakhathazeki kakhulu ngokuthi abanye bacabangani ngalesi sitoko.
Yebo, kubalulekile ukuhlola ukuthi inkampani iqinile noma cha ngoba amanye amasheya abukeka eshibhile kodwa awabizi ngoba kukhona okungalungile ngawo.
Ngakho-ke ngaphandle uma uthola ukuthi ingabe kukhona okungalungile ngempela ngenkampani noma abaphathi bayo, angicabangi ukuthi kufanele ukhathazeke kakhulu ngokuthi abanye bangase bacabangeni ngale nkampani.
Ngakho-ke, isifundo ukugwema ukutshala imali enkampanini lapho abadayisi basemgwaqweni nabo beqala ukukhuluma ngakho.
7. Awukwazi ukushintsha okwedlule, kodwa ungafunda kukho
URakesh Jhunjhunwala uthi ukutshala imali kumfundise okuningi ngempilo. Uthi lonke iphutha olenzayo empilweni uyalifunda.
Isibonelo, wabheka amasheya afana ne-Jet Airways, i-SpiceJet lapho behweba ngo-Rs 100 ngesheya ngalinye, noma i-Reliance Power ngama-Rs 500 ngesheya ngalinye futhi wacabanga ukuthi lezi yizinkampani ezinkulu kodwa kwavela ukuthi ziyi-investimenti ezimbi kakhulu.
Uthi okunye akufundile emaphutheni akhe wukuthi amanye amabhizinisi ancintisana kakhulu ukuthi angakwazi ukwenza inzuzo, uma abagqugquzeli balo mabhizinisi bengazibophezeli ngokwanele, lokho kuholela enhlekeleleni.
URakesh Jhunjhunwala uthi maningi amaphutha awenzile emsebenzini wakhe kodwa akasoze athi uyazisola noma yiliphi kuwo, ngoba kumqinise ukuzimisela kwakhe ukusebenza kanzima futhi azibonele amasheya angcono.
Njengomtshali-zimali, ngicabanga ukuthi wonke umuntu otshala imali kufanele abonge ngokulahlekelwa kwakhe, njengoba kusifundisa ukuthi singawina kanjani esikhathini esizayo.
Noma nini lapho uzisola ngokwenza iphutha, ungalisebenzisa njengethuba lokufunda ukuze ube usozimali ongcono futhi ube umuntu ongcono.
8. Sesha amabhizinisi amancane anamakhono afakazelwe kanye nesidingo esiqinile semikhiqizo yawo
Njengomtshali-zimali, ungase usizwe kangcono ngokucinga amabhizinisi amancane anamakhono afakazelwe, isidingo esiqinile semikhiqizo noma amasevisi awo, kanye nendawo yokukhula.
Lawa mabhizinisi anamandla okuphindaphinda utshalomali lwakho izikhathi eziningi.
U-Rakesh Jhunjhunwala uthi ubheka umjikelezo wokuphila komkhiqizo. Uma ebona ukuthi ukusetshenziswa komkhiqizo kuyanda eNdiya futhi lowo mkhiqizo unesidingo sesikhathi esizayo, khona-ke utshala kulezo zinkampani.
Isibonelo, wayebone isidingo somkhiqizo futhi watshala imali ku-Delta Corp, ngokusekelwe kunqubomgomo entsha yemidlalo eyenziwa nguhulumeni engathuthukisa imboni.
9. Akukho okulungile noma okungalungile
Abanye abatshalizimali bacabanga ukuthi abaqoki bezitoko abahamba phambili bangabatshalizimali abaphumelele kakhulu. Nokho, uma ubheka umlando kaJhunjhunwala, uzokutshela okuhlukile.
Isibonelo, ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-90s, wayethenge amasheya afana ne-Bhushan Steel ne-Punj Lloyd. Futhi wayenethemba ngomkhakha we-IT futhi wayetshale imali eningi esitokweni esinjenge-NIIT ne-Mastek.
Zonke lezi zitoko zashaywa ngesando ngo-2001-02 lapho kuqhuma ibhamuza le-dot-com.
Isizathu sokuthi u-Rakesh uye waphumelela naphezu kokungalungile kaningi ukuthi ukwazile ukuhlonza amasheya anezikhathi ezingu-10-50 ezingase zibe phezulu kusuka kumazinga amanani wamanje.
Ukwandisa isikhundla sakhe kulezi zitoko kumsize ukuthi ahlanganise izinzuzo zakhe.
Isibonelo, wenza ingcebo ku-Titan Industries ngokukhuphula isikhundla sakhe ukusuka ku-Rs 14 ngesheya ngalinye kuya ku-Rs 2,000 ngesheya ngalinye.
Ngokufanayo, ukubheja kwakhe ku-Aurobindo Pharma kanye ne-Lupine Ltd nakho kukhokhele isikhathi esiningi.
Ungase ube umuntu ohlakaniphe kunabo bonke emhlabeni kodwa ungakwazi ukushaya imakethe. UJhunjhunwala uthi iMakethe ingaphezu kwakho. Imakethe inengqondo.
Awusoze wahlakanipha ukwedlula imakethe. Imakethe ingase isebenze ngokungenangqondo isikhathi eside, kodwa ekugcineni iyohlala yenza ngokunengqondo.
Hlala uhlonipha imakethe yamasheya. Ngisho noma ucabanga ukuthi ukutholile, hlala ucabanga ukuthi kungenza noma yini.
10. Ukulandela ukukhethwa kwesitoko kwabatshalizimali abakhulu akuwona umqondo omuhle
U-Rakesh Jhunjhunwala uthi kufanele ulandele okuyisisekelo hhayi amahlebezi. Kufanele ubheke ezezimali, ukuphathwa kwebhizinisi, kanye nokuphatha ngaphambi kokutshala imali esitokweni.
Akulungile ukuthi ulandele okwenziwa ngomunye umuntu ngoba kungase kungafaneleki kuwe.
Kukhona into ethakazelisa kakhulu mayelana nabezindaba, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ekubikeni imibono yokutshala izimali.
Ezikhathini eziningi izindaba zezindaba zegama elikhulu elithenga kusitoko esithile ziphuma ngemva kokuphuma kwazo noma lapho sebezodayisa isitoko.
Umbono uthi ngesikhathi lo mbiko ufika kwabezindaba, labo abebegibele amajazi alaba batshalizimali sebevele sebeyitholile imali yabo futhi sebelungiselela ukukhipha ibheyili.
Leli qiniso liyiqiniso nakakhulu uma izimali zomphakathi babelana ngokubamba kwabo okuphezulu okuyishumi ekupheleni kwekota ngayinye. Lezi zinhle ocwaningweni olwengeziwe kodwa aziphakamisi ukuthi lezi zitoko kufanele zithengwe ngoba nje isikhwama esisodwa sibonise intshisekelo kuzo.
Kunomehluko phakathi kokufunda ngombono wokutshala izimali nokwenza okuthile ngawo.
Awukwazi ukwenza lokho abakufunda kwabezindaba baze benze ucwaningo lwakho kanye nokukhuthala kunoma yimuphi umbono omusha ophuma ngendlela.
Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, kufanele uthembele imizwa yakho futhi uqonde ukuthi ayikho into efana nesidlo sasemini samahhala ekutshaleni imali.
Isifundo sokuphila - esibaluleke kakhulu
U-Rakesh Jhunjhunwala uhlale ethi akazisoli ekuphileni. Ufisa nje ukuba nemikhuba yakhe engcono futhi azivocavoce kakhulu.
Ungakhohlwa ukutshala imali empilweni yakho. Kunezinto ezimbalwa ongakwazi ukuzithenga, futhi enye yazo impilo yakho.
Ungaba nayo yonke imali emhlabeni, kodwa akusizi uma ungaphilile ngokwanele ukuba uyijabulele.
amazwi okugcina
Ekugcineni, ngithemba ukuthi ukwazile ukuqoqa okuthile ezifundweni engizabele zona.
Ukutshala imali kungenye yamathuluzi amaningi angakusiza ukuthi wakhe ingcebo futhi uzuze ukuzimela ngokwezimali, nakuba kudinga inani elifanelekile lokufunda ngezezimali kanye nokuziphatha ukuze ube yingcweti.
Kodwa uma unombono wesikhathi eside engqondweni, ungazibekela impumelelo ngokuhlela ngokucophelela kanye nesimiso esiqinile.
Ungaguquguquki futhi uhlale utshaliwe!
shiya impendulo