ULwesibili, mhla lu-1 kuNhlolanja wezi-2022, uzibonele ngawabo umcimbi weSabelomali seNyunyana owethulwe nguNgqongqoshe Wezezimali waseNdiya, uNksz. Nirmala Sitharaman.
Wayephethe ithebhulethi yokufunda isabelo sesabelomali kuzo zonke izimboni, ethuthukisa umbono wedijithali ezweni.
Ake sihlole amaphuzu abalulekile eBudget'22 ukuze sibone ukuthi uhulumeni uhleleleni izwe kulo nyaka.
I-Digitalization kanye Nobuchwepheshe
Kube nokugxila kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwedijithali nguhulumeni sekwephuzile, futhi isabelomali siwubufakazi balokho.
Okugqamile okubalulekile emkhakheni wedijithali nobuchwepheshe kube:
1. Ukwakhiwa kwenyuvesi yedijithali kuzokwenzeka ezweni lonke ukuze kunikeze abafundi baseNdiya ithuba lokufunda bekude nokufundisa okusezingeni lomhlaba. Amakilasi azoqhutshwa ngezilimi zesifunda ezimbalwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe imfundo kuzo zonke izindawo futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kwabafundi ezifundweni.
2. Kuzoba khona indali ye-5G spectrum eyenziwa ngonyaka ka-2022–23 ukuze kukhishwe inethiwekhi yesevisi yeselula ye-5G kulo nyaka yizinhlangano ezizimele. Kuzophinde kwethulwe i-spectrum eholwa ngomklamo ukuze kulungiswe i-ecosystem eqinile ye-5G ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusabalala kwenethiwekhi okuqinile ezweni lonke.
3. Wonke amaposi, anenani lama-35 crores, manje asezoxhunywa ohlelweni lwamabhange. Lokhu kuzosiza abantu abasezindaweni ezikude nezisemaphandleni kanye nabantu abadala ukuthi bafinyelele kalula kuma-akhawunti abo e-PO kumaselula abo. Abantu bazokwazi nokudlulisa izimali phakathi kwama-akhawunti eposi namabhange ahlukene ngaphandle komthungo.
4. I-ecosystem yezempilo yedijithali kazwelonke isiyasebenza maduze nje ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ezweni futhi kuthuthukiswe ukunakekelwa kwesiguli kanye nokuhleleka kwe-akhawunti. Ukwengezwa okusha kulolu hlelo wuHlelo Lwezempilo Lwengqondo Kazwelonke, olwethulwe ngenjongo yezempilo yengqondo yezakhamizi ezithintekile ngenxa yalolu bhubhane oluzonikeza ukwelulekwa okuseqophelweni eliphezulu.
5. Izwe lihlelelwe ukwethula i-rupee yokuqala esemthethweni yedijithali, ezosebenza kunethiwekhi ye-blockchain. Imali yedijithali yebhange elimaphakathi. Izothuthukisa umnotho wezwe wedijithali ngokugqugquzela ukukhokha ngokweqile okusekelwe ezobuchwepheshe kanye nombono waseNdiya mayelana nezinkokhelo ezingenakheshi.
6. Izinhlelo zamabhange ezingama-75 sezilungele ukwethulwa ezifundeni ezihlukene ezingama-75 ukuze kukhuthazwe ukuhwebelana ngezimali kalula ezindaweni zasemakhaya nasemadolobheni.
7. Ama-e-Passports ashumekwe e-Chip anobuchwepheshe bekusasa azokwethulwa ukuze kusizwe zonke izakhamuzi ezinomthungo wokuhambela phesheya kwezilwandle. Ukusebenzisa amaphasipoti aphathekayo kuzoncishiswa ngalesi sinyathelo sedijithali.
Ingqalasizinda
Ukugxila okukhulu kwingqalasizinda yezwe kuvelile ngeSabelomali seNyunyana sowezi-2022.
Kusukela ekwakheni imigwaqo emikhulu, ukuxhasa ngezimali ukuthuthukisa nokwakhiwa kwezitimela, ukuhlinzeka ngosekelo kwezinye izinhlelo zentuthuko - cishe ama-Rs. Ama-40 lakh crores abekelwe ukuxhasa ingqalasizinda yaseNdiya.
1. Imigwaqo ewuthelawayeka kazwelonke yonke izonwetshwa ngamakhilomitha angu-25,000 kulo nyaka, kanye nohlelo lukazwelonke lokuthuthukiswa kweropeway olwethulwa ngemodeli yobambiswano lukahulumeni nezizimele. Uxhaxha lwemigwaqo eqinile ezweni luzosiza ekuthuthukisweni komnotho waseNdiya kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwenethiwekhi yemigwaqo emikhulu.
2. Izitimela ezingama-400 zesizukulwane esisha i-Vande Bharat kanye namatheminali ezimpahla amasha ayi-100 azokwethulwa futhi athuthukiswe eminyakeni emithathu ezayo. Cishe i-1.5 lakh crores yabelwe izitimela kulo nyaka.
3. I-Rs. I-1500 crores ibekelwe eceleni ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zokuthuthukiswa kweNorth East kanye ukusekela imisebenzi yokuziphilisa yabesifazane kanye nentsha yombuso.
4. Amapaki ezinto eziningi azosetshenziswa kulo nyaka wezimali ezindaweni ezine ezahlukene.
Lokhu kuzothuthukisa umthamo wezwe wokuphatha impahla ngendawo okungenani engamahektha ayi-100 endaweni ngayinye enezindawo ezikhethekile zokugcina impahla, izinto zokuhamba kalula, kanye nezindawo zokugcina izimpahla ezinemishini.
Ezolimo
Njengoba ezolimo ziwumgogodla wezwe lethu, bekulokhu kugxilwa kakhulu kuzo zonke isabelomali.
Nakulo nyaka, ukugxila kubalimi kanye nokusimama kwabo kuthathwe njengento eseqhulwini ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi impilo yamaKisaan ethu ivikelekile.
1. Imali engenayo eqinisekisiwe kubo bonke abalimi imenyezelwe ngesabelo esingaphezu kwama-Rs. 2 lakh crores ezongena enkokhelweni yentengo yokusekelwa kakolweni ne-paddy kulo nyaka.
2. I-Kisan Drones yokuhlolwa kwezitshalo, ukwenziwa kwedijithali kwamarekhodi, kanye nokufuthwa kwezibulala-zinambuzane kugxilwa kakhulu futhi, njengoba uhulumeni esekela kakhulu zonke iziqalo ze-Drone ukuze ziqhubekisele phambili ezolimo zaseNdiya ngobuchwepheshe.
3. Isikhungo sisekela ukulima okungenamakhemikhali kanye nemvelo nge-PPP ngokuletha izinsiza zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kanye nedijithali kubo bonke abalimi bezwe. Izimali zabelwe ukweseka ngokugcwele amabhizinisi aqalwa ezolimo nasemaphandleni.
4. Kucatshangelwa izithuthukisi ezengeziwe emkhakheni wezolimo namahlathi ezizimele zezolimo zaseNdiya, izinguquko zomthetho ezenzekayo kanye nokusekelwa ngezimali kubalimi abavela ezimweni ze-SC kanye ne-ST.
5. Isilabhasi yamanyuvesi ezolimo izothuthukiswa kulo nyaka ukuze ihambisane nesabelomali semvelo, ukulima okuphilayo, ukuphathwa kokwengezwa kwenani, kanye nohlelo lwesimanje lwezolimo.
Izintela
Ngisho noma ayemancane kakhulu intela engenayo ama-slabs ahlala efana nangaphambili, kube khona izinguquko ezithile kuzinqubomgomo zentela.
1. Zonke izimpahla zedijithali, okuhlanganisa imali ye-crypto kanye ne-Digital Rupee esanda kwethulwa, izokhokhiswa intela ngenani elingu-30%. Kokubili ukudluliselwa kanye nenzuzo kuzofakwa kuleli phesenti lentela, ngaphandle kokubalwa kwezindleko noma ukudonswa kwezibonelelo, ngaphandle kwezindleko zokutholwa kwalezi zimpahla. U-1% we-TDS owengeziwe uzokhokhiswa ngenkathi kusetshenziswa izimpahla zedijithali phakathi nanoma yikuphi ukuthengiselana kwezezimali ukuze kugcinwe irekhodi.
2. Zonke izisebenzi zikahulumeni wesikhungo nezifunda zizobona ukwenyuka komkhawulo wokudonswa kwentela ukusuka ku-10% ukuya ku-14% ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinzuzo zokuvikeleka komphakathi ezihlinzekwa ohulumeni bezifunda kubasebenzi babo futhi zibenze zilingane nezisebenzi zikahulumeni omkhulu.
3. Ukwehliswa kwezindleko ezengeziwe zebhizinisi nakho kwenziwa njengengxenye yesabelomali seNyunyana sika-2022, esehlisiwe sisuka ku-12% saya ku-7.
4. Izinhlangano ezisebenzisanayo zizokhokhiswa intela ehlukile engu-15% uma kuqhathaniswa no-18.5% wangaphambilini, kuyilapho izinkampani zizovunyelwa ukukhokha u-15% kuphela.
5. Uhulumeni ubeke isilinganiso sentela yebhizinisi esingamaphesenti angu-15 kuzo zonke izinkampani ezintsha ezikhiqizayo kuze kube sekupheleni kwalo nyaka wezimali ka-2022–2023.
Investments
Cishe i-1 lakh crore yabelwe ukusiza izwe ngokutshalwa kwezimali, okuhlanganisa nokusiza izifundazwe ekusheshiseni umbono jikelele wokutshalwa kwezimali kwezomnotho.
1. I-India manje izokhipha izibopho zobukhosi ukuxhasa ingqalasizinda eluhlaza ezweni njengengxenye yohlelo lukahulumeni lokuboleka kulo nyaka. Lokhu kuzosiza abantu ukuthi batshale imali ezibambiso zikahulumeni ezinembuyiselo engaba khona esikhathini esizayo.
2. I-Rs. I-7.5 lakh crore yabelwa ukusetshenziswa kwezimali ezinkulu ngokucindezela okukhulu kwe-CAPEX ukuze kuvuselelwe umnotho wezwe ngemuva kweminyaka emibili yobhubhane.
3. Ukungatshalwa kwezimali kwezwe kufakwe ku-Rs. 65,000 crores ngokusebenzisa izinkampani zikahulumeni, ngaphansi kwesamba sangonyaka odlule sika-1.75 lakh crore, okubonisa ukwehla kukahulumeni emabhizinisini.
4. Uhulumeni uzofuna ukutshalwa kwezimali kuka-$203 billion ngokwethula i-LIC IPO yakhe ekuthengisweni kuka-5% kwezabelo zakhe enkampanini.
5. Ukutshalwa kwezimali kuzonyuka kusuka ku-1.3% kuya ku-2.9% we-GDP ukuze kuxhaswe umnotho.
Imfundo
Ukwenyuka kwe-Rs. 11,000 crores kunokwejwayelekile, Isabelomali seNyunyana sabele cishe ama-Rs. I-1 lakh crore yomkhakha wezemfundo futhi konke kuhlelwe ukuthi kugxile kakhulu entuthukweni yabafundi ababephakathi kwabathinteke kakhulu ngesikhathi sodlame.
1. Uhlelo lwe-One-Class Channel Channel lucatshangelwa ngaphansi kohlelo luka-PM lwe-e-Vidya. Imigudu yezemfundo izonwetshwa isuke kwengama-20 iye kwengama-200 ukuze kukhuthazwe imfundo esezingeni ezilimini nasezifundweni ezahlukene.
2. Imfundo yedijithali nayo iyakhula, njengoba kunemali engaphezu kuka-Rs. Izigidi ezingama-400 zabelwe okufanayo.
3. Kuzokwethulwa uhlelo lokuletha okuqukethwe kwe-e okusezingeni eliphezulu ngezifundo ezahlukene oluzokwenziwa ngemodi ye-inthanethi ngothisha bedijithali.
4 Rs. Izigidi eziyi-1800 zabelwe izikole eziyi-15,000 ukuze zisebenzise iNqubomgomo Kazwelonke Yezemfundo yowezi-2020 futhi kuthuthukiswe izinga kanye nokwenza kahle izikole okufanele zilethe.
5. Umnyango wocwaningo nokusungula uzonikezwa ama-Rs. 200 crores, nezibonelelo ezifinyelela ku-Rs. 9420 crores (amanyuvesi aphakathi) kanye nokwenyuka kwezibonelelo ze-IIT ne-IIM uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule.
Ubuhle
Izenhlalakahle ibilokhu igxile kakhulu kuhulumeni waseNdiya njengoba ikhuthaza izinga lokuphila ezakhamuzini zayo.
Ezinye izichibiyelo zenzeke ngaphansi kwezinhlelo zezenhlalakahle kwisabelomali salo nyaka.
Izindlu ezingu-1 lakh zonke zizoqedwa kulo nyaka ngaphansi kukaNdunankulu u-Awas Yojana.
2. Izigidi ezi-3.8 zemizi yamaNdiya izokhavwa ngaphansi kohlelo lwe-Har Ghar Nal Se Jal ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi okuqhubekayo ezindaweni zasemakhaya nasemadolobheni.
3. Kuzokwethulwa uhlelo lwe-aspirational block ukuze kuthuthukiswe izithiyo ezisalelayo kuzo zonke izifunda ezinesifiso sokuziyisa ezindaweni eziphakeme.
4. Kuzogxilwa kakhulu ezigodini zaseNyakatho nemingcele ebezinganakiwe ngokombono wezinzuzo zentuthuko ngaphansi kohlelo lweVibrant Villages.
Isitatimende sokuphetha
Isabelomali senyunyana sika-2022 sibone ukusetshenziswa kukahulumeni okuphelele kwama-Rs. 3,944,909 crores, okungaphezulu kancane kwezindleko zangonyaka odlule.
Yize eminye imikhakha ibone ukuncipha ekwabiweni kwesabelomali, eminye imikhakha efana nedijithali, ubuchwepheshe, nengqalasizinda, ibilokhu ikhuphuka kakhulu kunangaphambili.
Kunokugxila okucacile kokwenza i-India ibe yedijithali ngezinhlelo eziningi ezethulayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe emikhakheni ehlukene yezwe.
shiya impendulo