Ukuba ufuna ukuphumelela kutyalo-mali, kubalulekile ukufunda ifilosofi yotyalo-mali yabatyali-mali abakhulu.
Omnye wabona batyali-mali babalaseleyo nguCharlie Munger, owadibanisa amava akhe eshishini kunye nesakhelo esinengqiqo ekhethekileyo yecandelo lezengqondo kwaye wayijika loo nto yaba yindlela yotyalo-mali eyamkhokelela ekubeni agqwese kwiimarike ezibanzi ngesixa esimangalisayo.
Ke, ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha elininzi, masifunde kwizifundo zotyalo-mali ezivela kuCharlie Munger ngethemba lokukuzalisa ngolwazi olukhulu malunga notyalo-mali lwezemali.
Amafutshane malunga noCharlie Munger
Alithandabuzeki elokuba uCharlie Munger usengoyena mtyali-mali ubalaseleyo emhlabeni.
Ubomi bakhe bufana nomboniso bhanyabhanya waseMelika obekwe kwi-roller-coaster.
Ukusuka ekubeni ngumfundi wekholeji oneminyaka eli-19 ubudala ukuya ekubeni yi-alumni yaseHarvard, usomashishini obalaseleyo, kunye neqabane elikhulu leshishini. Warren Buffett eBerkshire Hathaway, uCharlie uye walungisa ubomi bakhe kwimpumelelo enkulu.
Yonke ikhredithi emva kwempumelelo yakhe iya kwiindlela zakhe zotyalo-mali, i-opportunistically ibona izibalo kunye neegrafu, ukwenza izigqibo zotyalo-mali, kwaye uphume kuyo ngendlela efanelekileyo. Okwangoku, uCharlie Munger sele eza kufikelela kwinkulungwane yakhe, kwaye eneminyaka engama-98 ubudala, ixabiso lakhe elixabisekileyo likufutshane ne-USD 2.2 yebhiliyoni.
Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, kwibali lobomi bakhe, awukwazi ukukutyeshela ukunyaniseka kwakhe, ukusebenza nzima, kunye nesimo sengqondo esilungileyo malunga nokujongana nemiceli mngeni yobomi. Ngaba ayinikeli umdla, iyakhuthaza kwaye iyakhuthaza? Ewe kunjalo.
Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukufunda okuthile kwimigaqo yakhe, ukuzithemba, ukuzingisa, nesimo sengqondo ngokuphathelele umsebenzi size siwusebenzise ukwenza ubomi bethu bube nobutyebi njengoko sinqwenela.
Ngoku, makhe siye kwizifundo zotyalo-mali ezinempembelelo ezivela kwiPhilosofi kaCharlie Munger.
Ifilosofi yoTyalo-mali kaCharlie Munger
Ngoku ndithetha ngefilosofi yotyalo-mali, makhe sichaze iingcaphuno kunye neenkolelo ezichazwe nguCharlie Munger:
- Thina, bantu, sicwangciselwe ukucinga kwelinye icala, ngoko ngelixa ucwangcisa utyalo-mali, kufuneka uqale ugxininise kwimingcipheko echaphazelekayo kwisitokhwe. Emva kokuba uhlakulele lo mkhwa wokufumana iziphene, ngexesha elithile, uya kugqiba ukufumana umngcipheko ophantsi kunye nokubuyisela amasheya angcono.
- Ukuba ngumtyali-mali, kufuneka uhlale ugxile ekusebenzeni kweshishini kunomsebenzi walo wokulawula.
- Ukutyala imali kwishishini elinyanisekileyo kusoloko kuyeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokufumana inzuzo ephezulu.
- Ngelixa ucinga ukwenza utyalo-mali kwisitokhwe ixesha elide, kuya kufuneka uchonge ishishini ngokukhula okukufutshane ukuze uphindaphinde inzuzo yakho kwaye wonge isabelo sakho ekungeneni ezandleni zabakhuphisana nabo.
- Utyalo-mali yinto engaqinisekanga, efuna ugxininiso, ulindelo oluyi-100%, ukuthembela kuhlobo, kunye nophando lwakho. Ke, yiba nokholo kuphando lwakho, yiba nomonde kwaye ulinde ithuba elifanelekileyo lokuhlutha eyona nzuzo iphezulu.
Izifundo ezintandathu eziBalulekileyo zoTyalo-mali kwiPhilosofi yoTyalo-mali kaCharlie Munger:
1. Ukunyaniseka:
UCharlie Munger ukholelwa ukuba ukunyaniseka kuwe kunye neqabane lakho linyathelo lokuqala lokufumana impumelelo oyifunayo.
Apha, ukunyaniseka kunokubhekiswa kubomi okanye ishishini. Nokuba utyalwa kweyiphi na imbono, kufuneka uhlale unyanisekile kukhetho olwenzayo, iimbono zakho, naye wonke umntu osebenza naye.
Ngokuphathelele kwimarike yemasheya, ukunyaniseka kwithuku lakho sisitshixo sokufumana imbuyekezo engcono.
Ayisiyiyo loo nto kuphela, olona tyalo-mali lungcono, kufuneka ufumane inkampani ethembekileyo oza kutyala kuyo ukuze uqinisekise imbuyekezo efanelekileyo.
Kule meko, kutyalo-mali lwezemali, ukuba inkampani otyala kuyo ayinyanisekanga kubatyali-mali, imbuyekezo eqikelelwayo inokuba yinkohliso okanye ngokwemiqathango elula, ikhokelele ekujikeni kobuxoki.
2. Uzingiso:
Ifilosofi yotyalo-mali kaCharlie Munger icebisa abatyali-mali abakhulayo ukuba bazingise kwindlela eya empumelelweni kuhambo lwabo lwemarike yemasheya.
Ubomi kunye ne imakethi yesitokhwe zombini zizele kukungaqiniseki apho ungazi ukuba kuza kulandela ntoni na kwaye konakalise uqikelelo lwethu, kwaye apho ukujongana nokungaqiniseki kunye nemingeni kukwayinxalenye yenkqubo yokuba ngcono.
Ukuba unxibelelanisa isimo sengqondo sokujongana nemiceli mngeni, oko kuthetha ngokuthe ngqo ubuntu bakho kwaye uthathe isigqibo ngesikhundla sakho, nokuba ungophumeleleyo okanye olahlekileyo.
Kwaye kwimeko ye-stock market, ubuntu kuphela obunokuma, kude kube sekupheleni nguye ophumeleleyo ngokuzithemba okukhulu.
Ke, unokwenza njani ukuba ubuntu bakho bube lolona luphumelelayo?
Ngokuqinisekileyo, ngokuba ngumdlali we-stock market oqhubekayo, nokuba yinkunzi yenkomo okanye ibhere yemarike.
Naluphi na ubuntu obukhethayo ngelixa usebenzisana ne-stock market, soloko unenjongo yokuzingisa kubuntu bakho, iinjongo, ukunyaniseka kunye nemigaqo.
3. Ukuzimela:
Ngeli xesha lohambo olukhulu njengenkokeli yemarike kunye nomtyali-mali ophumeleleyo, uCharlie Munger wayesoloko ezithiyile ukuzisizela.
Njengoko uyazi, kwimarike yemasheya, akukho nto iqinisekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha ufumana imali eninzi, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ulahlekelwa kakhulu. Kwiimeko ezimbi, abantu abaninzi badla ngokulandela iimpembelelo ezingalunganga, ezinjengokukhula kwemikhwa yokusela, ukutshaya, njl.
Kwicala elimnyama le-stock market, kucacile ukuba abantu bazive bezisola, balahlekelwe ukuzithemba, kunye nokuphuhlisa eminye imikhwa engalunganga.
Ngamaxesha akhe amnyama kwimarike yemasheya, uCharlie Munger wayengazange adlale indima yexhoba kwaye azisole. Endaweni yoko, into ayenzileyo kukuhlalutya iimpazamo zakhe, iindawo zakhe ezingaboniyo kuqikelelo lwakhe, kwaye enze isiseko sakhe somelele, ukuze angaliboni elo xesha kwakhona.
Malunga nesi siganeko, uCharlie wathi, “Ukuba nabani na onokukunceda ngamaxesha obunzima….nguwe.”
Ukuzihawukela kuhlala kunenjongo yokuba ikhadi lexhoba kwaye ufumane uvelwano kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwabantu. Ebona ububi bokuzisola, uCharlie wagqiba kwelokuba ukuzisizela umntu kukhokelela kwelona nqanaba libi kakhulu elinokonakalisa umntu ngokweemvakalelo okanye ngokwemali.
Ngoko ke, uCharlie uthi bonke abarhwebi kunye nabatyali-mali kufuneka bajonge kwindawo efanelekileyo kwimeko yokurhweba ngokulinganayo kunokuba babone icala lenceba.
Emva koko, waqhubeka, ukuba ufumana inzuzo kwi-investment yakho, bhiyozela, kodwa ukuba akunjalo, qhubela phambili kwelinye utyalo-mali okanye uzihlaziye ngenxa yokuba ukunamathela kwinto enye akuyi kukunika nasiphi na isigqibo kunokuchitha ixesha namandla akho.
4. Ukuzeyisa:
UCharlie Munger wachaza iintsika ezintathu zotyalo-mali lwemarike yemasheya, kuquka ukunyaniseka, ukuziphatha, kunye nokuziphatha. Ezi ntsika zintathu azikhawulelwanga kuphela kutyalo-mali lwe-stock market kodwa zinokubhekiswa kumashishini kunye neemeko zobomi bomntu.
Malunga neshishini, ukunyaniseka kunye nokuziqhelanisa nokuziphatha ngendlela esesikweni kunokunceda kakhulu ukukhulisa ishishini, ukuzisa ubutyebi, ubulumko, iziseko ezingundoqo, nokunye okuninzi.
Ukusebenzisa le migaqo mithathu, nawuphi na umtyalo-mali kunye nomthengisi unokujongana ne-bar ephezulu ye-stock market kwaye ufumane ukukhululeka kwi-dynamics yemarike.
5. Indlela eNgcono ekuFundeni iziCwangciso eziNtsha:
Ingaba malunga nokutyalomali kwi-stock market okanye nayiphi na enye into yemali okanye engeyiyo eyemali, isimo sengqondo esifanelekileyo malunga nokufunda iindlela ezintsha zokujongana nemiba kunye nokusombulula iingxaki kufuneka kulindelwe.
Kuloo nkqubo, unokuba ufunda intaphane yeencwadi, ubukele iividiyo zeengcali zezifundo, kwaye ufunde iiblogi ezibalaseleyo ezinxulumene nezifundo.
Kuya kufuneka uhlale ujonga izinto ezintsha kwaye ufunde izinto ezintsha.
UCharlie Munger uthi kukho izisombululo ezininzi ezifumanekayo kwingxaki enye, apho, ezinye izisombululo osele uzazi.
Kodwa abanye usenokungazi ukuba sesiphi isisombululo esifanelekileyo okanye eyona ndlela yokujongana nengxaki xa uthelekisa nale osele usazi. Ke ngoko, kulo mba, kuya kufuneka uzigcine usekelwe kwaye uzame ezinye izisombululo ngokugcina ezakho ecaleni.
Indlela efanayo iyasebenza kwisicwangciso sotyalo-mali. Awunakusoloko usebenzisa indlela efanayo kwizicwangciso zotyalo-mali olwahlukileyo.
Ngamagama alula, lonke utyalo-mali olutsha lufuna indlela entsha yobuchule, kwaye ngokwenza oko, wena njengomtyali-mali kufuneka ulindele.
6. Yenza uluhlu lokukhangela:
Njengomtyali-mali, kuya kufuneka uzibekele iinjongo kunye nebenchmarks zakho ngelixa uceba ukutyala kuso nasiphi na isitokhwe okanye ukulingana.
NgokukaCharles, uludwe lokujonga utyalo-mali, lugcina abatyali-mali ekuqeqesheni, kwaye luya kubandakanya ezi parameters zilandelayo:
- Umngcipheko: Izitokhwe ezijolise kuzo ezinomngcipheko ophantsi ukukhusela okanye ukubuyisela utyalo-mali lwakho ukuba luhle.
- Ukuzimela: Kwisizinda sotyalo-mali, wonke umtyali-mali, umcebisi, iarhente, kunye nomcebisi unoluvo olwahlukileyo, kwaye ukungqubana kwengqondo kunye nabo kuyindalo. Ke ngoko, kuya kufuneka ulandele ukufunda kwakho kwaye uvule indlela yakho yokufumana impumelelo kutyalo-mali.
- Ukufuna uzinzo olungcono kwixesha elizayo: Ngaphambi kokuba wenze utyalo-mali kuso nasiphi na isitokhwe, kuya kufuneka wenze uphando olucokisekileyo kwisitokhwe, njengale:
- Yintoni eyenza kube yinto ethembekileyo yotyalo-mali lwesitokhwe?
- Ungakanani umngcipheko obandakanyekileyo?
- Ithini imbuyekezo okanye ukubuyiswa kotyalo-mali?
Kwaye neminye imibuzo emininzi efanayo.
Ukusonga:
UCharlie Munger wakha wathi-
“Soloko uthatha indlela ephezulu, ayiphithizeli kangako!”
Namhlanje, xa abantu befuna esona sivumelwano silungileyo sokufumana into ngelona xabiso lilungileyo kodwa bekulungele ukuthomalalisa amava asemgangathweni, wena njengomtyali-mali kufuneka ulandele indlela engaxinana ngayo apho kukho abantu abacinga ixesha elide kuphela.
Ke, ekuqukumbeleni, into endiyithethayo kukuba, utyalo-mali yinto engenakucingelwa ixesha elifutshane. Ukuhamba ngokukhuselekileyo, uqwalaselo lwexesha elide kunye nezicwangciso ziyimfuneko ukuze ufumane iziphumo eziqikelelweyo.
Ukuyigcina imfutshane, ndiza kuthi, ukwaziswa, ukusebenza, ukuzimela, kunye neqhinga lokuba ngumtyalo-mali obalaseleyo njengoCharlie Munger.
Shiya iMpendulo