Izimali ezihlanganyelwe ziyindlela enhle yokuthi abaqalayo baqale ukutshala izimali, kodwa bewazi yini ukuthi izinkampani eziningi ze-mutual fund zinemithwalo yokuphuma engadla izinzuzo zakho?
"Umthwalo wokuphuma" igama elidukisa kancane. Akulona inani olahlekelwayo uma uphuma, kodwa inani olahlekelwayo uma uphuma Phuma ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Kubalulekile ukuthi njengomtshali-zimali wazi ukuthi ungawehlisa kanjani umthwalo ophumayo kuma-mutual funds ngoba lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi wonge ezindlekweni futhi wenze imali eyengeziwe ngokutshalwa kwezimali kwakho.
Kulokhu okuthunyelwe, sizoxoxa ngokuthi unganciphisa kanjani umthwalo wokuphuma kuma-mutual funds ukuze wenze izinqumo ezingcono zokutshala izimali.
Kodwa okokuqala, ake siqonde ukuthi uyini umthwalo wokuphuma, kungani ushajwa, uhluke kanjani esilinganisweni sezindleko, futhi ekugcineni, indlela yokuwukhipha.
Kuyini Umthwalo Wokuphuma?
Imithwalo yokuphuma yimali ebanjwayo oyitholayo uma usebenzisa i-mutual funds.
Izinkampani ze-Mutual fund zidonsa umthwalo wokuphuma enanini lakho ukutshalwa kwezimali bese ngikunika ibhalansi. Izimali eziningi ezihlanganyelwe zinomthwalo wokuphuma, kodwa ezinye azinawo.
Isibonelo, uma uno-Rs 1 lakh equity mutual fund investment, futhi inkampani yesikhwama ikhokhisa umthwalo wokuphuma wephesenti elilodwa, uzothola u-Rs 99,000 ngokuhlengwa.
Phuma ekulayisheni ku-SIP
Umqondo womthwalo wokuphuma kuma-SIP udida abatshalizimali abaningi. Ake ngikusize ukuqonde kangcono.
Abatshalizimali bakholelwa ukuthi uma baqale i-SIP ngonyaka odlule, ngeke bakhokhiswe umthwalo uma bethengisa ukutshalwa kwezimali phakathi nesikhathi esibekiwe. Nokho, abatshalizimali abaningi bakuthola kungalungile.
Umthwalo wokuphuma ku-SIP uyafana njengoba unjalo kuzo zonke ezinye izimali ezihlanganyelwe. Isikhathi sokukhiya kufanele siqedwe isitolimende se-SIP ngasinye ukugwema umthwalo wokuphuma.
Isibonelo: Uma usuneminyaka emithathu utshala imali, okungukuthi, 36months. Uma kunenkathi yokuvala unyaka owodwa, uzokwazi ukusebenzisa i-SIP yakho ngenyanga engu-48 ngaphandle kokubhekana nomthwalo wokuphuma.
Kungani Umthwalo Wokuphuma Ushajwa?
Isizathu esikhulu wukuyekisa abatshalizimali ukuthi bangayikhiphi imali yabo njalo. Izimali ezihlanganyelwe investa esitokisini namabhondi ezinkampani. Umphathi wesikhwama kufanele adayise imali ayitshalile uma ukhipha imali yakho bese ekunika ukheshi esikhundleni salokho.
Lokhu kungaholela ekulahlekelweni okuphezulu kwabanye abatshalizimali ku-mutual fund efanayo. Ngakho-ke, ama-AMC akhokhisa imali encane uma ukhipha imali yakho.
Izimali ezihlanganyelwe zikhokhisa umthwalo wokuphuma ngokukhipha imali esikhwameni ngaphambi kwesikhathi esicacisiwe sokuvala.
Lokhu kwenzelwa ukudikibalisa abatshalizimali ekuphumeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi umphathi wesikhwama unemali eyanele onayo ukuze aphathe izinhlelo ze-mutual fund.
Ingabe Umthwalo Wokuphuma uhluke kanjani kokuthi Isilinganiso Sezindleko?
Okokuqala, ake siqonde ukuthi i-mutual funds isebenza kanjani. Izimali ezihlanganyelwe zinephothifoliyo eyisisekelo yezibambiso kanye nenkampani yokuphatha impahla (AMC) eyiphethe.
I-AMC itshala imali yakho ezinhlelweni zayo zangaphakathi noma ezixhumene nayo futhi ikhiqize inzuzo ngayo.
Manje, lezi zimbuyiselo zingaba ngendlela yokuthi i-dividend inkokhelo noma ukutshalwa kabusha kwedividendi kuye ngokukhetha kwakho. Lawa ma-AMC akukhokhisa imali yokuphatha imali yakho futhi le mali yaziwa ngokuthi isilinganiso sezindleko.
Kokubili Isilinganiso Sokuphuma Nomthwalo Wezindleko yizindleko ezikhokhiswa izindlu zesikhwama esihlanganyelwe futhi ziyingxenye ye-NAV yohlelo lwakho (Inani Lempahla Yempahla). Bathinta ukubuyisela kwakho ngezindlela ezahlukene, nokho.
Umthwalo ophumayo uyimali oyikhokhiswayo uma uhlenga ukutshalwa kwezimali kwakho phakathi nenkathi kusukela ngedethi oyitshalile. Uma ungakunaki ukuphrinta okuhle, kungaba ukudonsa okukhulu ezimbuyiselweni zakho.
Isilinganiso sezindleko yizindleko zonyaka ezihlanganisa zonke izindleko ezitholwe indlu yesikhwama, okuhlanganisa izindleko zokuphatha, izindleko zokusabalalisa, kanye nenkokhelo yabaphathi bezikhwama.
Ngokuphambene, ngokungafani nomthwalo ophumayo, okhokhiswayo uma uhlenga, izilinganiso zezindleko zikhokhiswa njalo ngonyaka inqobo nje uma usatshala imali esikimini esithile.
Umthwalo ophumayo usukela ku-Nil uye ku-6% omkhulu, kanti isilinganiso se-Expense Ratio sisuka ku-0.5% siye ku-2.5%.
Futhi ekugcineni, indlela yokwehlisa noma ukususa Imithwalo Yokuphuma?
Uma ufuna ukuzigcinela umthwalo wokuphuma, nansi imikhuba ongayilandela:
1. Hlala utshaliwe isikhathi eside:
Ngokubambelela ezimalini isikhathi eside, umthelela wokuntengantenga kanye nengozi yemakethe iyancishiswa, okuholela enzuzweni engcono.
Ngokuhlala umatasatasa isikhathi eside, uzokwazi ukuzuza emandleni okukhula kwamasheya ngenkathi futhi unciphisa umnyakazo wemakethe ongemuhle.
Okuphawuleka kakhulu, Imithwalo Ephumayo izosuswa.
Ngezinhloso zesikhathi esifushane, ungatshala izimali eziwuketshezi zesikhathi esifushane noma Idiphozithi Yebhange ukuze ukhiphe Imithwalo Ephumayo.
2. Isikimu se-Mutual Funds ngaphandle komthwalo ophumayo:
Nakuba ezinye izimali ezihlanganyelwe zinemithwalo yokuphuma kuzo zonke izikimu, zikhona futhi ezingenamthwalo wokuphuma wezinhlelo zazo ezimbalwa.
Ngakho khetha ngokuhlakanipha!
Nalu uhlu lwezinye izikimu ze-Mutual Fund Ezingenawo Umthwalo Wokuphuma:
- Isikhwama se-Edelweiss Diversified Growth Equity Fund,
- I-Quantum Long Term Equity Fund,
- TATA Contra Fund,
- I-DWS Alpha Equity,
- I-HDFC Index Sensex Plus,
- I-JM Nifty Plus, kanye
- Ithuba Lokutshala I-DWS.
3. Hlola isikhathi sokutshala kwakho imali
Uma i-horizon yakho yokutshala imali iyisikhathi eside, ungaqhubeka nanoma yiluphi uhlelo.
Kodwa-ke, uma ukutshalwa kwezimali kungokwesikhathi esifushane, isikhwama sesikweletu noma isikhwama se-liquid siyindlela engcono ngoba sihlinzeka nge-liquidity eyengeziwe, ukuphepha, kanye nokuchayeka engozini encane.
Hlola zonke izikimu ezingaphumi-mthwalo ezitholakalayo bese ukhetha esifanelana kangcono nesikhathi sakho sokutshala imali.
4. Qapha Izindleko Zokuthengisa Ezihlehlisiwe Ezincikene
I-CDSC iyimali yokuhlenga noma umthwalo ophumayo ezinye izindlu zesikhwama eziwukhokhisa abatshalizimali abahlenga amayunithi abo phakathi nesikhathi esinqunyiwe kusukela ngosuku lokwabiwa.
Isibonelo, utshale imali esikhwameni esine-CDSC ka-2,1,0. Kusho ukuthi umthwalo uzoba ngu-2% uma uphuma ngaphambi konyaka, futhi u-1% uma ehlala isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka kodwa ephuma ngaphambi kweminyaka emibili. Uhlala nesikhwama isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka emibili futhi awukhokhi mthwalo.
Ngakho-ke, ungakwazi ukuqapha unyaka ngaphansi kwe-CDSC ngaphambi kokuthi usebenzise ukutshalwa kwezimali kwakho ukuze wehlise Umthwalo Wokuphuma.
5. Gwema Ukushintsha njalo Amasu e-MF:
Uma ufuna ukushintsha usuka kwesinye isikimu uye kwesinye ngaphakathi kwesikhwama esifanayo, kufanele ukhokhe umthwalo wokuphuma. Umthwalo wokuphuma uyakhokhiswa uma usebenzisa noma ushintsha amayunithi esikimini phakathi nesikhathi esishiwo, ngokuvamile esingafika onyakeni owodwa.
Futhi, kunezimo ezithile lapho umthwalo wokuphuma uyekwa khona ngisho noma usebenzisa amayunithi ngaphambi kokuphela konyaka owodwa. Isibonelo, uma izinhlelo ezimbili noma ngaphezulu zenkampani yesikhwama esisodwa zihlangana, noma uma uhlelo luqedwa.
Isiphetho
Imithwalo ephumayo ayikuvikeli nje kuphela ekudayiseni kusenesikhathi kodwa futhi yenza njengesivimbelo kubaphathi bezikhwama ukuthi bathathe ubungozi obuphakeme ngenxa yengcindezi yokuhlengwa.
Ungase ucabange ukuthi ama-equity mutual funds angenawo umthwalo wokuphuma azoba ngcono kunalawo anomthwalo wokuphuma. Kodwa kuya enkathini otshala ngayo ku-equity mutual funds.
Okokugcina, ngithanda ukusho ukuthi ukutshalwa kwezimali kwakho kufanele kusekelwe ezinhlosweni zakho kanye nokwabiwa kwempahla.
Nakuba izimali ngaphandle kwemithwalo yokuphuma zingase eqela ngaphezulu, yonke into akufanele ibonwe ngombono wokunciphisa izindleko. Ukufinyelela umgomo wakho yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokutshalwa kwezimali.
Ukutshala imali okujabulisayo!
shiya impendulo