Ndi kuchuluka kwa digito m'zaka khumi zapitazi, kukwera koyamba kwa ndalama za digito kudawoneka pomwe ndalama za crypto zidayamba kuwuluka pachuma chapadziko lonse lapansi, ndikutsatiridwa ndi chuma cha India.
Ino ndi nthawi yokhayo yomwe azachuma akhazikitse ndalama zawozawo za digito chifukwa chakusamutsa mwachangu komanso nthawi zomwe zimayenderana nazo.
Osati zokhazo, malipiro omwe amaperekedwa kudzera mu ndalama za digito ndi otsika mtengo kwambiri komanso nthawi yomweyo poyerekeza ndi zolemba zakuthupi ndi ndalama.
India yatsala pang'ono kuchitira umboni mayesero ake oyamba a Central Bank Digital Currency ndi RBI - rupee ya digito m'mwezi wa Disembala chaka chino.
Kodi Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) ndi chiyani?
Tisanadumphire kuzovuta za ndalama za digito, tiyeni timvetsetse kuti ndi chiyani kwenikweni.
Reserve Bank of India imatanthauzira Central Bank Digital Currency ngati ndalama zovomerezeka zomwe zimaperekedwa pansi kapena ndi banki yayikulu mumtundu wake wa digito. Ili ndi mtengo wofanana / wofanana ndi ndalama zomwe zilipo pamsika ndipo zimasinthidwa mofanana ndi ndalama zakuthupi.
The e-currency launched ndi zatsopano zomwe zachitika pofuna kusintha njira zomwe ndalama zingagwiritsire ntchito ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito, kuti zikwaniritse cholinga chamtsogolo. Wachiwiri kwa Bwanamkubwa wa RBI wanenanso momwe ndalama za digito zaku India zikufanana ndendende ndi ndalama zakuthupi, zomwe zilipo mwanjira ina.
Ndalama za digito zitha kutchedwanso mtundu wandalama wakuthupi.
CBDC ipereka kusinthasintha kwapamwamba, kuchita bwino, komanso kutsika mtengo polola anthu kukhala ndi vuto losamalira ndalama. Monga ndalama zakuthupi, e-currency idzakhalanso ngati ngongole kubanki yayikulu ikaperekedwa.
Ndalama yamagetsi yamagetsi ingathenso kusinthidwa mofanana ndi ndalama, monga momwe adanenera Bambo Sankar - wachiwiri kwa bwanamkubwa wa RBI.
Kodi mungalipire bwanji ndi CBDCs?
Ngati mukudziwa momwe mungalipire kudzera mu chikwama cha digito, mukudziwa kale zambiri za momwe malipiro a CBDC azigwirira ntchito. Reserve Bank of India ipereka ndalama zokhazikika za digito zomwe nzika zaku India zilandila mumagetsi ndikugwiritsanso ntchito momwemo.
Ndalamazi, komabe, zidzaloledwa kusinthanitsa ndi ndalama zolimba ngati pakufunika.
Polipira kudzera ku CBDC, sipadzakhalanso kufunika kwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa interbank popeza ndalama zomwe zidalipiridwa kapena zolandilidwa zitha kuthetsedwa mwachindunji, momwe zimakhalira mukalandira kapena kulipira chikalata chakuthupi pakugulitsa.
Mosiyana ndi Cryptocurrencies, CBDCs si decentralized.
Idzayendetsedwa ndikuperekedwa ndi banki yayikulu m'dzikolo kapena mabungwe azachuma. Chifukwa chake, chuma ndi umwini wandalama zidzasamutsidwa kapena kuperekedwa popanda zovuta ndi kukhazikitsa kosavuta kwa ndondomeko zonse zandalama ndi zachuma.
Izi zidzapangitsanso kulumikizana bwino kwa data ndikuwonjezera kugawa kwazinthu m'dziko lonselo.
Chifukwa chiyani banki yayikulu yaku India ikufunitsitsa kupereka ndalama za digito?
Kupatula India, mayiko ena a 83 ayamba kale kutsata chitukuko cha CBDC kuyambira 2011. Kuchokera ku Sweden kupita ku United States, palibe chuma chachikulu chomwe sichinayambe kale kupita digito ndi ndalama zawo.
Banki yapakati ku India, nayonso, poganiza motsatira njira zomwezi, yamvetsetsa kufunikira kowonjezereka kwa ndalama za digito, makamaka pambuyo pa kukwera kwa ndalama zadijito zapadera monga Bitcoin ndi Ethereum, zomwe tonsefe timazitcha kuti cryptocurrencies.
Mabanki onse apakati omwe amapereka ndalama zadijito amakhala ngati njira yodziyimira payokha komanso yodalirika kundalama za digito zotere, kuteteza anthu motsutsana ndi kusakhazikika komanso kuwongolera zomwezo.
Mtengo wopereka ndalama za digito ndi wotsika kwambiri kuposa kusindikiza ndi kugawa ndalama zomwe zilipo panopa pazachuma. Digital rupee ikapangidwa, imatha kuperekedwa pakati pa anthu popanda vuto lililonse, pafupifupi mtengo wa ziro.
Popeza RBI ikhoza kuyang'anira ndalama za digito mosavuta, zingapangitse kuti ndalama zonse za e-cash zomwe zikuyenda mu chuma zitheke, mosiyana ndi ndalama zakuthupi.
Izi zitha kuthandiza banki yayikulu kuwongolera ndalama za digito komanso kutsitsa zovuta zomwe zimabwera ndi ndalama zolimba, monga katangale ndi ziphuphu.
M'kupita kwa nthawi, ikhala ngati chomangira chuma cha India, zonse zikusinthidwa ndikuwunikidwa pansi pa chitetezo chambiri komanso kutsata kosavuta.
Mliri wa covid-19 udapangitsa banki yayikulu ku India kuti ifulumizitse kufufuza, kukonza, ndi kukhazikitsa ndalama za digito. Pomwe chuma chikuyimilira komanso mabizinesi akusuntha pa intaneti, zolipira zapita pa digito.
Anthu tsopano amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito njira zolipirira pa intaneti m'malo mokhala ndi ndalama zolimba kuti apewenso kulumikizana kosafunikira ndi alendo omwe angakhale ndi kachilomboka. Chifukwa chake, kuyambitsa e-ndalama kunali kwanzeru kusuntha, pambuyo pa zonse, kuti mupitilize kusintha nthawi.
Pomalizira pake, kusunthira ku e-ndalama kudzapereka ndalama zotsimikizirika, makamaka m'dziko lofalikira komanso losiyana kwambiri monga India, monga anthu kulikonse ndi kulikonse adzakhala ndi mwayi wopeza ndalama komanso omveka bwino pa nkhani ya ndalama zawo.
Izi zingathandize anthu okhala kumadera akutali kupeza ndalama mosavuta zomwe angagwiritse ntchito komanso kutumiza kunyumba zikafunika, popanda kuvutitsidwa ndi kutumiza ndalama zolimba kudzera m'mapositi.
Banki Yaikulu yatenga ma tokenization
Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo chitetezo cha deta ndi kudalirika kwa malonda, Reserve Bank of India yaganiza zogwira ntchito pakukula kwa ma tokenization kupyolera mu kukhazikitsidwa kwa ndalama za digito.
Popeza aliyense, kuchokera kumakampani, anthu kupita kumayiko omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chodziwika bwino ndi iwo komanso mkati mwa machitidwe awo, ma tokenization amathandizira kuteteza deta iyi pochotsa / kuchotsa zidziwitso zilizonse zamtengo wapatali zomwe zilipo ndikuzisintha ndi zizindikiro.
Zambiri zimagawidwa kukhala zingwe zing'onozing'ono monga mawu osakira, mawu, kapena ma tokeni omwe amatsogolera kumayendedwe olipira komanso ogwiritsa ntchito otetezedwa.
Chizindikiro chidzayang'ana pachitetezo chokhazikika cha njira yonse yolipirira, kuteteza ogwiritsa ntchito / nzika ku kuba ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolakwika. Izi zidzachitidwa mwa kusintha ndondomeko yeniyeni yokhudzana ndi ndalama ndi code yapadera yomwe ingatchedwe chizindikiro.
Banki chapakati walonjeza ntchito tokenization kwa nzika zake ndi cholinga chotenga pafupifupi wotuluka zotheka Intaneti, kuonetsetsa yabwino ndi chitetezo mu wotuluka khadi.
Kodi CBDC ndi yofanana ndi ma cryptocurrencies?
Mwachidule, ayi. Ndalama za Crypto zilibe mtengo weniweni kuyambira pano, ndipo ngakhale zikuvomerezedwa ngati njira yolipira, ndipo Bitcoin imawonedwanso ngati yovomerezeka mwalamulo m'dziko limodzi, palibe ulamuliro wodziyimira pawokha womwe umathandizira ma cryptocurrencies.
Kukhalapo konse kwa ma cryptocurrencies kumatengera ogwiritsa ntchito osadziwika kapena magulu a ogwiritsa ntchito omwe alibe gulu lachitatu lomwe limavomereza ndikutsata zomwe zikuchitika.
Palinso malire kwa chiwerengero cha ndalama zimene akhoza kuperekedwa monga cryptocurrencies (21 miliyoni pa nkhani ya Bitcoin), pamene palibe malire kupereka ndalama banki chapakati digito digito, malinga kukwera kwa inflation amasamalidwa.
Ndalama zonse za digito zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi mabanki apakati zidzakhala ndi chithandizo cha mabungwe azandalama omwe adzawonetsetse kukhazikika kwachuma kwachuma ndi anthu ake.
Kuyerekeza CBDC ndi Blockchain
Blockchain si mawu atsopano kwa ambiri a ife. Ndi netiweki yomwe imalemba zambiri za ogwiritsa ntchito m'njira zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosatheka kuthyolako, kusintha kapena kubera dongosolo. Ma cryptocurrencies onse amagwira ntchito pamaneti a blockchain.
Komabe, CBDCs sagwiritsa ntchito netiweki ya ledger yogawidwa ngati blockchain ndipo imayang'aniridwa, kuyang'aniridwa, kuyendetsedwa ndi kukhazikitsidwa ndi ulamuliro wolemekezeka m'dziko lililonse, monga ku India.
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa CBDC kudzauza Reserve Bank of India za ndalama zomwe zimagwiridwa ndendende ndi ndani, zomwe sizili choncho ndi zochitika zomwe zimachitika pa blockchain network.
Ma CBDC sangagwirizane ndi ndalama iliyonse ya fiat chifukwa ndi ndalama yokhayokha, monga momwe ndalama za crypto zimagwirizanirana ndi ndalama zosiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti mtundu wa CBDC wa Indian National Rupees ugwira ntchito mofanana ndi bilu ya Rupee ku India kapena padziko lonse lapansi.
Chifukwa chake, blockchain ndi CBDC ndizotsutsana kwathunthu ndipo ndalama za digito za banki yayikulu sizidalira maukonde a blockchain kuti agwire ntchito.
Kodi tikufunikiradi CBDC ku India?
Inde, timatero. India pakali pano ikuchitira umboni kusintha kwabwino pankhani yolipira ndalama za digito. Anthu ochulukirachulukira ayamba kugwiritsa ntchito chikwama cha e-wallet kugula zinthu pa intaneti komanso ngakhale osagwiritsa ntchito intaneti.
Mtengo wazinthu zotere ku India ndizotsika kwambiri pakali pano, ndipo sizikanatha kutumiza chizindikiro chabwinoko kuti zikhazikitse ndalama za e-currency palimodzi, kuti zikhazikitse ndikuwongolera njira zolipirira digito mopitilira apo.
Maiko asanu akhazikitsa kale CBDC, kuphatikiza Saint Kitts ndi Nevis, Grenada.
Bahamas, Antigua ndi Barbuda, ndi Saint Lucia. Kupatula pazachuma izi, mayiko ena 14 omwe ali ndi chuma chachikulu monga South Korea ndi Sweden akhazikitsanso oyendetsa ndege awo a CBDC.
Ngakhale banki yayikulu yaku China, People's Bank of China, yakhazikitsa mtundu wa digito wa Yuan m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana.
Kuti muyende khosi ndi khosi ndi chikhumbo champhamvu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ndikofunikira kuti India nawonso alowemo ndikutenga chimodzi mwazabwino zoyambira paukadaulo womwe ukukula komanso tsogolo lake.
Ndalama ya digito ya RBI ndi tsogolo lamtsogolo
Mawu angapo adatayidwa pokhudzana ndi zomwe mabanki apakati azichita akayamba ndalama zawo za digito.
Ena amati mabanki apakati apereka chilango pakuchotsa ndalama kuti achepetse anthu kuchotsa ndalama m'malo mosunga ndalama za digito. Ena amanenanso kuti mabanki apakati akugulitsa kale ndalama zonse za CBDC ndi munthu aliyense.
Chabwino, zomwe ziti zidzachitike zidzawoneka kokha ndalama za digito zikakhazikitsidwa. Komabe, chodziwika bwino ndi chakuti Reserve Bank of India yakonzeka kuti ikwaniritse lingaliro lomwe silili latsopano lokhala ndi digito kwathunthu pazandalama zake.
Ngakhale kukhazikitsidwa kwathunthu kwa ndalama za digito kungatenge zaka zingapo, ndiye gawo loyamba la tsogolo laukadaulo, ndipo banki yayikulu yaku India ichitanso chimodzimodzi.
Siyani Mumakonda