Iimali ezihlangeneyo ziyindlela enhle yokuba abaqalayo baqalise ukutyalomali, kodwa ubusazi ukuba iinkampani ezininzi zeengxowa-mali ezihlangeneyo zinemithwalo ephumayo enokutya kwiinzuzo zakho?
“Umthwalo wokuphuma” ligama elahlekisayo kancinane. Ayiloxabiso ophulukene nalo ukuba uyaphuma, kodwa yimali ophulukene nayo ukuba uyaphuma Phuma ngaphambi kwexesha.
Kubalulekile ukuba njengomtyali-mali wazi indlela yokunciphisa umthwalo wokuphuma kwiingxowa-mali ezihlangeneyo kuba oku kuya kukunceda wonge kwiindleko kwaye wenze imali eninzi kutyalo-mali lwakho.
Kule post, siza kuxubusha indlela yokunciphisa umthwalo wokuphuma kwiimali ezihlangeneyo ukuze wenze izigqibo ezingcono zotyalo-mali.
Kodwa kuqala, masiqonde ukuba yintoni umthwalo wokuphuma, kutheni uhlawuliswa, wahluke njani kumlinganiselo weendleko, kwaye ekugqibeleni, ukhutshwa njani.
Yintoni ukuphuma komthwalo?
Imithwalo ephumayo kukutsalwa kwemali oyifumanayo xa uhlawulela iimali ezifanayo.
Iinkampani zengxowa-mali ezihlangeneyo zitsala umthwalo wokuphuma kwixabiso lakho utyalo-mali kwaye ke akunike ibhalansi. Uninzi lweemali ezihlangeneyo zinomthwalo wokuphuma, kodwa ezinye azikho.
Umzekelo, ukuba une-Rs 1 lakh equity mutual fund investment, kwaye inkampani yengxowa-mali ibiza ipesenti enye yomthwalo wokuphuma, uya kufumana i-Rs 99,000 kwintlawulelo.
Phuma kumthwalo kwi-SIP
Ingqikelelo yomthwalo wokuphuma kwii-SIPs iyadida abatyali-mali abaninzi. Makhe ndikuncede uyiqonde ngcono.
Abatyali-mali bakholelwa ukuba ukuba baqale i-SIP kunyaka ophelileyo, abayi kuhlawuliswa umthwalo ukuba bathengisa utyalo-mali ngexesha elibekiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, abatyali-mali abaninzi bayifumana ingalunganga.
Umthwalo wokuphuma kwi-SIP uyafana njengazo zonke ezinye iingxowa-mali ezifanayo. Ixesha lokutshixa kufuneka ligqitywe isavenge se-SIP ngasinye ukuphepha umthwalo wokuphuma.
Umzekelo: Ukuba ubutyala iminyaka emithathu, okt, 36months. Ukuba kukho ithuba lokuvala unyaka omnye, uya kukwazi ukukhulula i-SIP yakho kwinyanga yama-48 ngaphandle komthwalo wokuPhuma.
Kutheni Umthwalo Wokuphuma Uhlawuliswa?
Esona sizathu kukutyhafisa abatyali-mali ekubeni barhole imali yabo rhoqo. Iimali ezifanayo ukutyala imali kwizitokhwe kunye neebhondi zeenkampani. Umphathi wengxowa-mali kufuneka athengise utyalo-mali lwakhe xa ukhupha imali yakho kwaye endaweni yoko akunike imali.
Oku kunokukhokelela kwilahleko ephezulu kwabanye abatyali-mali kwingxowa-mali efanayo. Ke, ii-AMCs zihlawulisa imali encinci xa ukhupha imali yakho.
Iimali ezihlangeneyo zihlawulisa umthwalo wokuphuma xa kutsalwa imali kwingxowa-mali ngaphambi kwexesha elichaziweyo lokutshixa.
Oku kukutyhafisa abatyali-mali ekubeni baphume kwingxowa-mali ngaphambi kwexesha kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba umphathi wengxowa-mali unemali eyaneleyo ukuze alawule izikim zengxowa-mali.
Umthwalo wokuPhuma wahluke njani kwiReyishini yeNkcitho?
Ukuqala, makhe siqonde indlela ii-mutual funds ezisebenza ngayo. Iingxowa-mali ezihlangeneyo zinepotfoliyo esisiseko yezibambiso kunye nenkampani yolawulo lwee-asethi (AMC) eyilawulayo.
I-AMC ityala imali yakho kwizikimu zayo zangaphakathi okanye ezinxulumeneyo kwaye ivelise imbuyekezo ngayo.
Ngoku, ezi mbuyekezo zinokuba kwimo ye isabelo intlawulo okanye utyalo-mali lwesabelo ngokuxhomekeke kukhetho lwakho. Ezi AMCs zikuhlawulisa umrhumo wokulawula imali yakho kwaye lo mrhumo waziwa njengomlinganiselo weendleko.
Zombini i-Exit Load kunye ne-Expence Ratio yintlawulo erhafiswa yi-mutual fund house kwaye ziyinxalenye ye-NAV yesikim sakho (Ixabiso le-Asethi eseleyo). Bachaphazela imbuyekezo yakho ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, nangona kunjalo.
Umthwalo wokuphuma ngumrhumo obekwe kuwe ukuba ukhulula utyalo-mali lwakho ngexesha elithile ukusuka kumhla wotyalo-mali. Ukuba awuhoywa ngqalelo kushicilelo olucolekileyo, inokuba yingxaki enkulu kwiimbuyekezo zakho.
Umlinganiselo weendleko yindleko yonyaka equka zonke iindleko ezenziwe yingxowa-mali, kubandakanywa iindleko zolawulo, iindleko zokusasazwa, kunye nomvuzo wabaphathi bengxowa-mali.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ngokungafaniyo nomthwalo ophumayo, obizwa ngokuba yintlawulelo, umlinganiselo weendleko ubizwa minyaka le ukuba usatyale imali kwiskim esithile.
Umthwalo wokuphuma usuka kwi-Nil ukuya kubuninzi be-6%, ngelixa umlinganiselo we-Expense Ratio usuka kwi-0.5% ukuya kwi-2.5%.
Kwaye okokugqibela, ukwehlisa njani okanye ukulahla imithwalo yokuPhuma?
Ukuba ufuna ukuzigcina umthwalo wokuphuma, nantsi indlela onokuthi uyilandele:
1. Hlala utyale imali ixesha elide:
Ngokubambelela kwiimali ixesha elide, impembelelo yokuguquguquka kunye nomngcipheko wemarike uyancitshiswa, okukhokelela kwimbuyekezo engcono.
Ngokuhlala ubambene ixesha elide, uya kukwazi ukwenza ingeniso kukukhula okunokwenzeka kwezabelo ngelixa unciphisa neentshukumo ezingalunganga zemarike.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuphuma kwemithwalo kuya kupheliswa.
Ngeenjongo zexeshana elifutshane, ungatyala imali kwiimali zolwelo zexesha elifutshane okanye iDipozithi yeBhanki ukuze ulahle imithwalo yokuPhuma.
2. Iskim seeNgxowa-mali ezihlangeneyo ngaphandle komthwalo wokuphuma:
Nangona ezinye iingxowa-mali ezihlangeneyo zinemithwalo yokuphuma kuzo zonke izikimu, kukwakho ezinye ezingenayo imithwalo yokuphuma kwizikimu zazo ezimbalwa.
Ngoko khetha ngobulumko!
Nalu uluhlu lwezinye izikimu zeNgxowa-mali yeNgxowa-mali Engaphumiyo:
- Edelweiss Diversified Growth Equity Fund,
- INgxowa-mali yeXesha eLide yeQuantum,
- TATA Contra Fund,
- DWS Alpha Equity,
- HDFC Index Sensex Plus,
- JM Nifty Plus, kunye
- DWS iThuba loTyalo-mali.
3. Jonga ixesha lotyalo-mali lwakho
Ukuba i-horizon yakho yotyalo-mali lixesha elide, ngoko ungaqhubeka nayo nayiphi na inkqubo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba utyalo-mali lwexesha elifutshane, ingxowa-mali yetyala okanye ingxowa-mali ye-liquid iyindlela engcono kuba ibonelela ngobuninzi, ukhuseleko, kunye nokuvezwa komngcipheko ophantsi.
Vavanya zonke izikimu zokungaphumi-mthwalo ezikhoyo kwaye ukhethe eyona ifanele ixesha lakho lotyalo-mali.
4. Ukubeka iliso kwiiNtlawulo zokuThengisa eziMiselweyo
I-CDSC yintlawulo yentlawulelo okanye umthwalo wokuphuma othi ezinye izindlu zengxowa-mali zihlawuliswe kubatyali-mali abahlawulela iiyunithi zabo ngexesha elibekiweyo ukusuka kumhla wolwabiwo.
Umzekelo, utyale imali kwingxowa-mali ene-CDSC ye-2,1,0. Kuthetha ukuba umthwalo uya kuba yi-2% ukuba uphuma phambi konyaka, kunye ne-1% ukuba uhlala ixesha elide kunonyaka kodwa uphume ngaphambi kweminyaka emibini. Uhlala kule ngxowa-mali ixesha elingaphezu kweminyaka emibini kwaye awuhlawuli mthwalo.
Ke, unokujonga unyaka phantsi kwe-CDSC ngaphambi kokuba uhlawule utyalo-mali lwakho ukuthoba uMthwalo wokuPhuma.
5. Kuphephe ukuTshintsho rhoqo kwii-MF Schemes:
Ukuba ufuna ukutshintshela kwesinye iskimu uye kwenye kwakwingxowa-mali enye, kufuneka uhlawule umthwalo wokuphuma. Umthwalo wokuphuma uhlawuliswa ukuba ukhulula okanye utshintshe iiyunithi kwiskim kwixesha elithile, elidla ngokufikelela kunyaka omnye.
Kwakhona, kukho iimeko ezithile apho umthwalo wokuphuma uyekisiwe nokuba usebenzisa iiyunithi ngaphambi kokuba kugqitywe unyaka omnye. Umzekelo, ukuba iiskimu ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ezivela kwinkampani enye yengxowa-mali ziyadibana, okanye ukuba isicwangciso sibhangisiwe.
isiphelo
Imithwalo yokuphuma ayikhuseli kuphela ekuthengisweni kwangethuba kakhulu kodwa ikwasebenza njengesithintelo kubaphathi bengxowa-mali ukuba bathathe imingcipheko ephezulu ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwentlawulelo.
Unokucinga ukuba i-equity mutual funds ngaphandle komthwalo wokuphuma iya kuba ngcono kunezo zinomthwalo wokuphuma. Kodwa kuxhomekeke kwixesha otyala ngalo kwi-equity mutual funds.
Okokugqibela, ndingathanda ukuthi utyalo-mali lwakho kufuneka lusekelwe kwiinjongo zakho kunye nolwabiwo lwempahla.
Nangona imali ngaphandle kwemithwalo yokuphuma inokuthi Gcina imali, yonke into ayifanele ibonakale kumbono wokunciphisa iindleko. Ukufikelela usukelo lwakho yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kutyalo-mali.
Utyalo-mali olonwabileyo!
Shiya iMpendulo