Uninzi lwentengiso ye-stock market yaseIndiya lwenzeka kumaqonga amabini amakhulu aziwa ngokuba yiBombay Stock Exchange (BSE) kunye neNational Stock Exchange (NSE). TI-BSE ikhona ukususela ngo-1875. Nangona kunjalo, ukurhweba kwi-NSE kwaqala ngo-1994.
I-stock market yindawo eguquguqukayo kunye neenkampani ezininzi ezidweliswe, izitokhwe zazo ezithengiswa yonke imihla. Ngamanye amaxesha, imarike ingqina a ixesha lenkunzi, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha, i ixesha lokuthwala.
Ukufutshane, okanye ukuthengisa okufutshane, kukutshala imali okanye isicwangciso sorhwebo esisetyenziswa ngabantu ukwenza imali ngokuqikelelwa.
Umtyali-zimali uboleka izabelo kumthengisi engazi nokuba zezikabani. Emva koko bathengisa izabelo ngokukhawuleza ngethemba lokuziqokelela kamva ngexabiso eliphantsi.
Eli xabiso liphantsi libenza bakwazi ukubuyisela izabelo kwi-broker kwaye bawufake ephaketheni umahluko. Lo mahluko yingeniso yabo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukunqongophala yinkqubo enobungozi. Ngokuqinisekileyo intsonkothe ngakumbi kunoko ukuthenga amasheya okanye ukufumana isikhundla sexesha elide kwimarike.
Esi sicwangciso siqikelele ukuhla kwexabiso lesitokhwe kwaye kufuneka senziwe kuphela ngabarhwebi abanobuchule kunye nabaphambili okanye abatyali-mali.
Abatyalomali bazo zonke iiklasi, ukuthengisa kunye neziko, bavunyelwe ukuba bathengise izitokhwe ezimfutshane eIndiya.
Apha ngezantsi kukho izinto ezilungileyo kunye neengozi zokuthengisa ixesha elifutshane -
kwizazi:
- Ukuncedisa ekufunyanweni kwexabiso ngokuphucula ukusasazeka kwe-bid-ask kunye nokubonelela ngemali kwiimarike, ukwehlisa amaxabiso esitokhwe.
- Yenza ukuba kuncitshiswe ukuvezwa kwemarike ngokubanzi kwepotfoliyo kunye neheji yesele ikhona.
- Ukuvezwa kwizikhundla ezinde nezifutshane kunciphisa ukuguquguquka okupheleleyo kwepotfoliyo.
- Yongeza imbuyekezo ebalulekileyo ehlengahlengisiweyo.
bendlela:
- Imeko yokucudisa okufutshane kubangela ilahleko enkulu.
- Izitokhwe ezincinci zolwelo zibiza kakhulu ukuboleka.
- Utshintshiselwano lunelungelo lokuvala okanye ukunciphisa ukuthengisa okufutshane ngexesha leemeko zokuthengisa eziguquguquka kakhulu. Ke, ukuba le kuphela kwendlela yakho yomvuzo, inokuba yingozi kakhulu.
- Umrhwebi unokukhumbula izitokhwe ezibolekiweyo nangaliphi na ixesha xa abathengisi abafutshane banolawulo olulinganiselweyo kwixabiso.
- Ukuba inkampani inika izabelo phakathi kwexesha lokuboleka kwakho izitokhwe uze uzibuyisele emva, abarhwebi kufuneka bayihlawule epokothweni yabo.
- Izitokhwe ezimfutshane ziguquguquka ngokwendalo kwaye ziyingozi kakhulu kuzo zonke.
Ukuba ungumntu ofuna ukuthengisa izitokhwe ezimfutshane eIndiya, nantsi indlela onokwenza ngayo okufanayo -
Hlalutya izitokhwe ngokufutshane:
Kunyanzelekile ukuba uqonde kwaye uhlalutye isitokhwe ngasinye phambi kokuba ukhethe eso ufuna ukusithengisa ngokufutshane.
Oku kubandakanya ukufunda iirekhodi zabo ezidlulileyo, ukuhamba ngeegrafu, kunye nokwazi iindaba zamva nje ezinxulumene naloo nkampani.
Boleka isitokhwe ofuna ukusibhejela:
Nje ukuba uhlalutye zonke izitokhwe ngononophelo, lixesha lokuba ukhethe. Unokukhetha isitokhwe esinye okanye ezininzi zazo. Njengoko ukhetha isitokhwe ofuna ukusithengisa ngokufutshane, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nomthengisi wakho.
Buza umthengisi wakho ukuba afumane izitokhwe oziva ngathi ziya kuhla ngexabiso. Emva koko ubeka umtyali-mali ofanelekileyo kwaye ukuboleka izabelo ezisuka kubo ngesithembiso sokuzibuyisela ngomhla ekuvunyelwene ngawo.
Ufumana izabelo. Kodwa ungalibali, akukho nto iza simahla. Ukuze uboleke izabelo, kufuneka uhlawule inzala kumthengisi ngokufanayo. Olu luthumo lwakhe.
Thengisa ngokukhawuleza izabelo:
Ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba ubambe izabelo ezibolekiweyo, zithengise ngokuthe ngqo ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha.
Oku kukuvumela ukuba wenze imali eyona nzuzo iphezulu oya kuyifumana xa ixabiso lisihla. Imali oyifumanayo kwintengiso yeyakho, okwangoku.
Ixesha lokulinda:
Emva kokuthengisa izabelo, ngoku konke okufuneka ukwenze kukulinda. Linda de ixabiso lehle ukuya kwinqanaba obucinga ngalo. Akukho mgaqo ubekiweyo malunga nokuba ishoti inokuhlala ixesha elingakanani. Umboleki, nangona kunjalo, unokucelwa ukuba abuyisele izabelo nangaliphi na ixesha ngesaziso esincinci.
Oku akwenzeki, njengoko ababoleki behlawula inzala yomda kwangexesha.
Thenga kwakhona izabelo ngexabiso elitsha:
Xa iindleko zezabelo ziwa, uyazithenga kwakhona. Uhlawula imali obuyikheshi kwintengiso kwaye ubuyisela izabelo kumthengisi. Umthengisi ke uzibuyisela kumtyali-mali wokuqala.
Wena, kwelinye icala, wenza inzuzo kwixabiso lokuthenga iVS. Umzekelo, ukuba uthengise izabelo ezibolekiweyo nge-Rs 1,000, ufaka epokothweni i-Rs. 1,000. Iindleko zezo zabelo ngoku zehla kwi-Rs. 800, kwaye uyazithenga kunye neli xabiso.
Uhlawula i-Rs. 800 kwaye ubuyisele izabelo kumthengisi. I-Rs. I-200 osele nayo kule ntengiselwano, yinzuzo yakho. Yeyakho yonke kwaye akukho mntu wumbi unelungelo kuyo.
Iindleko zangaphandle:
Kukho iindleko zangaphandle ekufuneka wena, njengomtyali-mali obolekayo, uzihlawule. Ezi ndleko zezi-
- Kufuneka uhlawule iifizi / inzala ukuboleka isitokhwe kumthengisi. Uhlawuliswa i-3.71% ngonyaka, ebalwa yonke imihla ngokusekelwe kwixabiso lempahla yangoku.
- Ukuba inkampani yezabelo ozithengisayo ithatha isigqibo sokunika isahlulo phakathi kwexesha oboleke ngalo isitokhwe wasibuyisela, kufuneka uhlawule isabelo epokothweni yakho. Ukwanalo noxanduva lokuhlawula isahlulo ukuba sele usithengisile isitokhwe kodwa awukasifumani okwangoku.
Unokuthengisa izitokhwe kwimarike yendawo okanye kwimarike yexesha elizayo.
Ukurhweba kwimarike yendawo kuthetha ukuba kufuneka uvale isikhundla kwangolo suku lunye.
Amaxabiso anokungehli kwangolo suku, nto leyo enokukhokelela kwilahleko okanye kutshitshise intengiselwano. Nokuba isitokhwe sivala ngexabiso elifanayo ozithengise ngalo, kusafuneka uthwale inzala kumthengisi.
Oku kuthetha ukuba ulahlekelwa sisixa, ngokobuninzi bokwenzeka.
Yingakho kucetyiswa kubathengisi abafuna ukuthengisa okufutshane, ukwenza kwimarike yexesha elizayo. I imarike yekamva ibavumela ukuba babe nexesha elaneleyo lokuba balinde ukuba amaxabiso ehle, apho banokufumana inzuzo.
Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba ixabiso aliyi kwehla ngalo lonke ixesha uboleka isitokhwe kwaye usifutshane.
Imarike yemasheya iyaguquguquka, kwaye nantoni na inokwenzeka nangaliphi na ixesha. Ke, kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuba isitokhwe osibolekayo sibe mfutshane, sikhule ngokwenene.
Kule meko, ulahlekelwa yimali kwaye kufuneka uhlawule ilahleko epokothweni yakho ngokwalo naliphi na ixabiso othenga ngalo kwakhona izabelo.
Oku kukwaphumela ekubeni a mfutshane. Xa kukho isitokhwe esifutshane kakhulu esinyuka ngokukhawuleza, kubangela ilahleko enkulu kubo bonke abahwebi ababoleke isitokhwe esithile.
Ukuze ugweme le lahleko okanye uyinciphise, ubuncinci, bonke abarhwebi bakhawuleza kunye ukuba baphume kwizikhundla ezimfutshane ngokuthenga amasheya. Kwaye kuqalisa i-scramble yokuthenga amasheya kwiimarike, ukuphakamisa imfuno kunye nokudubula ngokukhawuleza ixabiso.
Oku kukhokelela kwimeko embi ngakumbi kubarhwebi ababefuna ukufutshane, okubangela ukucudisa okufutshane.
Kungenxa yoko le nto ukuncipha kufuna imithambo yentsimbi kunye nohlalutyo olubalaseleyo kunye nomonde omkhulu.
FAQs
Ngaba ukuthengisa okufutshane kusemthethweni eIndiya?
Ewe, ukuthengisa okufutshane kusemthethweni ngokupheleleyo eIndiya. Nangona kunjalo, ukuthengisa okufutshane kweze akukho. Ukuthengisa ixesha elifutshane ze luhambo lokuthengisa i-asethi enokuthengiseka ngokufutshane ngaphandle kokuboleka kuqala i-asethi emntwini okanye uqinisekise ukuba inokubolekwa.
Ingaba kukho umda wokuba ndingabamba ixesha elingakanani kwindawo emfutshane?
Hayi, akukho mda ogunyazisiweyo wokuba ixesha elifutshane linokubanjwa ngumthengisi. Umrhwebi ugqiba kunye nombolekisi ngomhla ekuza kubuyiswa ngawo izabelo kwaye akuboleke ngokufanelekileyo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba umbolekisi ufuna ukuthengisa izabelo ezibolekiweyo?
Kule meko, umthengisi omfutshane uya kufuneka abuyisele izabelo kwi-brokerage firm ngokuzithenga kwakhona, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ziphelile ilahleko okanye inzuzo esekelwe kwixabiso lesabelo semarike yangoku.
Shiya iMpendulo