Munguva ichangopfuura, imwe nyika duku yeCentral America, El Salvador, yakaita zvakare misoro yenhau.
Izvi zvakakonzerwa nekuoma kuri kuita hupfumi hwenyika uko kwave kuda kubata nyika. Gore rapfuura, El Salvador yakava nyika yekutanga kuita Bitcoin nyoro yepamutemo, vachitarisira kuti yaizoponesa nyika kubva mukudonha kwehupfumi uye kuderedza kuvimba kwayo neUS Dollar.
Asi, sezvazvinozoitika, Mutungamiri weEl Salvador, Nayib Bukele's cryptocurrency kubhejera kwakakonzera kukanganisa kwakanyanya kwedambudziko rechikwereti renyika. Kukosha kweBitcoin kwakadzikira kusvika ku45% kubva munaGunyana, apo Bukele akatanga chirongwa.
Naizvozvo, iyo $150 miriyoni Bitcoin inivhesitimendi yakakonzera imwe mutoro kune exchequer yenyika. Mari iyi inenge 4% yenyika inochengeterwa.
Zvino ngatipindei zvakadzama munhaurirano uye tinzwisise zvikonzero nemhedzisiro yekubuda ropa kwehupfumi hweEl Salvador.
kumashure
El Salvador inyika diki uye ine vanhu vakawanda muCentral America. Nhoroondo yaro yakazara nehondo dzevagari vemo dzinogara dzichiitika, kuwanda kweutsotsi, kukura kweupfumi kusingachinji, uye njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga.
Iyo inozivikanwawo nepamusoro pehuwandu hwehutsotsi munyika, El Salvador yakabata mari yayo, El Salvadoran Colon, neUS Dollar muna 2001 kuchengetedza hupfumi hwayo kubva mukudonha kukuru uye netarisiro yekukwezva hombe yekudyara kwekunze nevashanyi kunyika. .
Zvakadaro, kunyangwe mushure mekuiswa kweUS Dollar, hupfumi hwenyika hauna kukwanisa kuona chero mari huru yekunze kana vashanyi. Kwakanga kuri nemhaka youori hwakakwirira uye mwero woutsotsi. Kunyange zvazvo nyika iine mari yayo, haiwanzoshandiswa nevagari vemo.
Uyezve, sezvo nyika isina musika mukuru wekutengesa kunze kwenyika uye ine zvinhu zvakawandisa kunze kwenyika, kune mutoro wakakura pachiyero chekubhadhara. Izvi zvakakonzera kukanganisa kwakanyanya mubhajeti uye zvikwereti zvakakwirira.
Nekudaro, Mutungamiri Bukele vakapasisa mutemo wekuita Bitcoin nyoro yepamutemo yekukwezva vepamusoro mari yekune dzimwe nyika uye kuderedza kuvimba kwayo neUS Dollar uye mari dzekunze senzvimbo yekuchengetedza.
Pfungwa yaive yekuti kukwira kwemutengo weBitcoin kwaizobatsira nyika kuderedza zvikwereti zvayo uye kuchengetedza mari yekubhadhara.
Neizvi, El Salvador yakava nyika yekutanga kuona Bitcoin semari yepamutemo. Hurumende yakawedzera kuzivisa kuti chero munhu anogona kuwana chizvarwa muEl Salvador nekudyara 3 Bitcoins munyika.
Yakarongawo hurongwa hwekuvaka volcano-powered crypto mining centre uye guta uye kuvhura yekutanga bitcoin-powered. changamire zvisungo.
Kunyange pashure pezvirongwa zvose izvi, kuedza kwacho kunoratidzika kunge kwakundikana uye kwakonzera mumwe mutoro pavanhuwo zvavo venyika. Iye zvino mubvunzo ndewekuti dambudziko rehupfumi rinokonzerwa neBitcoin raita sei kuti nyika iite kuparara kwehupfumi.
Chii Chakonzera Kunetsa Kwehupfumi Uku
El Salvador yakanga yatotambura nedambudziko guru rehupfumi pamberi peBitcoin Blunder. Uye kugadzira Bitcoin yepamutemo nyoro chete yakawedzera mafuta kumoto.
Chikwereti chenyika chakakwira kubva pamadhora mabhiriyoni gumi nemapfumbamwe muna Zvita 19 kusvika pamadhora mazana maviri nemana muna 2019, chikwereti kuGDP chinosvika pamakumi masere nemasere%.
Kunyangwe iyo Bitcoin investimendi inomiririra 4% chete yenzvimbo inochengeterwa nyika, yakanganisa hupfumi hweEl Salvador. Izvi zvinova njodzi kune nyika ine GDP ingori mabhiriyoni makumi maviri nemashanu emadhora.
Kunze kwedambudziko rekubhadharwa kwezvikwereti, kudonha kwemusika wemasheya wekuAmerica, pamwe nekukwira kwemitengo yezvinhu pasi rose, kwakonzera kuti nyika iite musoro. Nekuda kweizvozvo, masangano makuru echikwereti akadzikisa mwero wechikwereti chenyika. Iye zvino zvave kunetsa kukoka mari yekunze.
Semuyenzaniso, Moodys akadzikisa chiyero chechikwereti cheEl Salvador kuenda kuCaa3, zvichiratidza kuti nyika yave pedyo nekutadza uye haisi sarudzo yakachengeteka yekudyara. Kunyange hazvo mari dzinotumirwa kubva kunze kwenyika dzichitsigira chikamu che25% chezviitiko zvehupfumi, mhirizhonga, uye kusachengeteka zvinokanganisa budiriro uye kukura kwenguva refu kwenyika.
Uyezve, Bitcoin Gamble yakaderedza chivimbo cheInternational Monetary Fund kuuya kuzotsigira nyika. El Salvador yakakumbira $ 1.3 bhiriyoni kubva kuIMF kuti ienzanise kushomeka kwayo kweakaundi uye kubhadhara chikwereti.
Zvisinei, sangano rakakumbira hurumende kuti ibvise Bitcoin semutemo wepamutemo. Yakakumbirazve kuunza shanduko yehupfumi kuti igamuchire bailout package.
Kukwira kweinflation, the US Stock Kudonha kwemusika, uye kupinda kweRussia kuUkraine kwakonzera kuti cryptocurrency irasikirwe nemadhora 1.3 bhiriyoni muchidimbu chenguva.
Kukosha kweBitcoin kwakaderedzwa kusvika hafu kubva munaGunyana 2021, zvichiita kuti El Salvador's Bitcoin investment value ideredze kusvika pamadhora mazana matanhatu nemazana mana emadhora. Bitcoin yave imwe mutoro padambudziko reChikwereti chenyika, iro rinofanirwa kuburitsa madhora bhiriyoni gumi nemaviri pamubereko uye mabhondi akakura muna 67.9.
Asi, Bukele achiri kushandisa homwe yehurumende kutenga Bitcoin mukudonha uku, zvichisundira nyika kumucheto wekudonha kwehupfumi. Zvichakadaro, akazivisawo zvirongwa zvekuvaka guta reBitcoin iro rinoshandiswa zvizere neBitcoin.
Mamiriro Ezvino
Matanho aBukele ekusuwa ekuchengetedza Economy yeSalvadoran anoita seane mhedzisiro uye ave chikamu chedambudziko pacharo.
Nekusavimbika kwevanoisa mari muSalvadoran changamire bond uye kutadza kweBitcoin, mutemo uyu waisa nyika mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma.
Hurumende yakaisa mari inosvika madhora mazana mana nemakumi maviri nemashanu mukuvaka bitcoin ecosystem munyika. Inosanganisira kutangwa kweiyo yenyika chaiyo chikwama Chivo (chiLatin che "inotonhorera") kufambisa kubhadhara kuburikidza bitcoin. Vari kupawo madhora makumi matatu ekurudziro kuvanhu vanonyoresa paapp.
Nekudaro, munyika umo 70% yehuwandu haisati iine internet yekubatanidza, bitcoin haisati yasarudzwa nevagari. Kana Chivo chikwama hachishandiswe nevagari mushure mekunge vawana kurudziro.
Asi mari yacho haina kukundikana pamatanho ese. Kugadzira bitcoin pamutemo nyoro yakakoka vanofarira crypto sevashanyi kunyika. Indasitiri yekushanya yeEl Salvador yakakwira ne30% kubva munaGunyana. Uye zvinonakidza, ruzhinji rwevashanyi vanobva kuUS.
Uyezve, Chivo app ichabatsirawo vagari kutumira mari kubva kune dzimwe nyika nemutengo webasa. Pakutanga, mutengo webasa rekufambisa mubhadharo wakakwira se10%.
Zvisinei, chikwama chicharamba chichitora nguva kuti chishandiswe nevanhu pamwero mukuru. Kubva muna 2022, Chivo wallet yakagadzira chete 1.6% yemari yaitumirwa.
Chii Chinotevera kuEl Salvador
Nezvekubhadharwa kwechikwereti, nyika inoita kunge ine sarudzo mbiri. Chekutanga, Bukele anofanirwa kugamuchira mamiriro eIMF pakubvisa bitcoin sechinyorwa chepamutemo uye kuunza shanduko huru dzehupfumi.
Nekudaro, izvi zvinogona kukanganisa mukurumbira weMutungamiriri weAutocrat Nayib Bukele. Tichifunga kuti Bukele ane hurongwa hwakatanhamara hwe cryptocurrency uye nekuchengetedza ake populist marongero, iyo sarudzo inoita senge isingashande.
Imwe sarudzo, sezvakataurwa naRicardo Castaneda, mukuru wezvehupfumi kuCentral American Institute for Fiscal Studies (ICEFI), ndeyekubvunza Central neLatin America Development Banks, CABEI neCAF, kuti vawane mari yekubhadhara chikwereti. Zvikasadaro, hurumende inogona kuita kuti homwe yepenjeni ive yenyika kuti irambe ichishomeka.
Kana zviri zveBitcoin, hurumende iri kuyedza rombo rakanaka mumusika une kusagadzikana apo kusagadzikana kuri kuuya pamusoro pemarudzi ese nevaisiri vemari kana kuri kukwira kwemitengo, pamusika wemari, kana hondo. Izvi zvakonzera kudzikira kwakanyanya mukudiwa kwehupfumi hwenyika.
Uyezve, sezvo kiredhiti yenyika yatodzikisirwa nekuda kwechikwereti chayo chakanyanya, mhirizhonga, uye crypto gamble yehurumende, vatengesi havadi kupomba mari mukudonha kwehupfumi.
Kunyangwe vanhu vekuSalvador vachiwana imwe yemari yepamusoro-soro yekunze, haikwanise kuvaponesa kubva pakuuya chero pedyo nekudzikisa kushomeka kwavo kwemari.
Asi hazvisi zvese zviri kuenda pasi. Nekuda kwemitemo yake yekudzikira kwehutsotsi uye manejimendi anobudirira panguva yecovid-19, Mutungamiriri akachengetedza imwe yepamusoro muzana yemvumo yemutungamiri chero upi zvake pasi rose. Kubvumidzwa kwake kunopfuura 85%.
mhedziso
Kubva pakuparura mabhondi ekutanga epasi rose kusvika pakugadzira guta reBitcoin rinofambiswa negomo rinoputika, zvirongwa zveNayib Bukele zvakakura. Asi, sezvo nyika isiri kuzodzikama mumakore anotevera, zvichave zvinonakidza kuona kuti El Salvador ichakwanisa sei kupinda munguva dzakaoma.
Bukele anogona kuvhara zvinodiwa mukubhadhara chikwereti izvozvi. Asi, nhare yake iri kuwedzera paHutongi nehutongi hwakawedzera kukanganisa mikana yekugamuchira rubatsiro kubva kumasangano epasi rose.
Naizvozvo, zvinoramba zvichionekwa kuti El Salvador ichazvitsigira sei mune ramangwana, tichifunga kuti dambudziko rehupfumi hapana kwarichazopera munguva pfupi.
Leave a Reply