Kutshanje, uninzi lweendaba kunye neengxoxo-mpikiswano zithathele kwishishini leMarike yeSabelo kwaye igama eliqhelekileyo phakathi kwazo zonke ezi ngxoxo yayiyiPFOF.
Ukuba awuyazi okwangoku, ke iPFOF ibisebenza amashumi eminyaka kwaye ubuyinxalenye yayo.
Ke, masiqonde ukuba yintoni kanye kanye iPFOF ethetha ngayo kwaye kutheni amazwe afana neCanada, i-UK, kunye neOstreliya beziyekile izenzo zabo?
Yintoni iPFOF?
I-PFOF ithetha iNtlawulo yokuhamba kwe-odolo.
Yimirhumo efunyanwa ziifemu zorhweba ngaphandle kwekhomishini njengembuyekezo ngokuzisa iiodolo zabo kubavelisi beemarike. Oku kwenziwa ngokubanzi ukugcina ubukho bemalike yeemarike.
Masiyiqonde le nto ngokweenkcukacha.
I-PFOF iqala ukudlala xa umthengi ebeka i-odolo esebenzisa nayiphi na i-commission-free brokerage firm. Ngoku, aba bathengisi bathumela ezi odolo kubenzi bemarike aka abathengisi.
Kodwa, ngaphambi kokuthumela le miyalelo kubenzi beemarike, iifemu zokuthengisa zihlawulisa umrhumo omncinci kakhulu wokuzisa le miyalelo kumthengisi. Ke, ukuba uyazibuza ukuba ezi nkampani zero-zero-commission brokerage zenza njani imali, impendulo yiPFOF.
Masiyicazulule ngakumbi le nto kwaye siqonde ingqikelelo yayo.
Oku kulandelayo ngabadlali abakhulu abathatha inxaxheba ngexesha lorhwebo kwi imakethi yesitokhwe:
- Umthengi- Umntu ofuna thenga isitokhwe ukusuka kwimarike
- Umthengisi- Umntu ofuna ukuthengisa isitokhwe kwimarike
- Umrhwebi- Inkampani elungisa iiodolo zabatyali zimali ngoko nangoko
- Abenzi beMarike- Abathengisi abenza iiodolo ezininzi ezifunyenwe kubathengisi kwiqhezu lemizuzwana.
Ke, ukuba ubucinga ukuba uthengisa izitokhwe zakho komnye umntu, awulunganga. Ngabavelisi beMarike abathenga okanye bathengise iiodolo zakho.
Oku kuthetha ukuba ii-odolo ezibekwe ngabatyali-zimali abathengisayo azibonakali nakutshintshiselwano loluntu. Enyanisweni, zibulawa ngasese ngabavelisi beemarike.
Ngoku, xa abathengisi bethumela iiodolo zakho kwaba benzi bentengiso, babiza iPFOF. Injongo yodwa emva koku kukuqhuba urhwebo olukhawulezayo kwivolumu ephezulu ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
Ingaba isebenza kanjani?
Makhe sijonge umzekelo ukuze siqonde ukuba le PFOF ingena phi ngexesha leeseshoni zorhwebo kwaye kutheni abantu bebonakala bengayiboni.
Cinga ukuba unezabelo ezingama-200 zesitokhwe esithile ofuna ukusithengisa kwiimarike. Ngoku, ithuba lokufumana umthengi ozimisele ukuthenga izabelo ze-200 ngexesha elifanayo liphantsi kakhulu.
Nangona kunjalo, awuzange uhlangabezane nemibandela enjalo. Yazi kutheni?
Oku kungenxa yokuba umthengisi wakho uhlala ethumela ezi odolo kubenzi bemarike, abazithenga kuwe ngoko nangoko. Aba benzi beemarike benza ii-odolo ezinjalo kwiqhezu lesibini.
Kodwa, ingxaki ngale nkqubo kukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ulahlekelwe yilahleko.
Kuthekani ukuba umenzi wemarike uthenga izabelo zakho kwaye ngaphambi kokuba uzithengise, ixabiso lesabelo liyehla. Oku kuya kubangela ilahleko enkulu kubathengisi. Ukuhlawulela le lahleko kunye nomngcipheko obandakanyekayo, abatyali-mali abathengisayo bahlawuliswa imali encinci eyaziwa ngokuba yi-bid-ask spread.
Ukusabalala kuhluke nje kumaxabiso ento umthengi ahlawula ngayo ukuthenga isitokhwe kunye noko umthengisi afumanayo ukuthengisa isitokhwe esifanayo. Lo mahluko uphantsi kakhulu.
Kutheni i-PFOF isezindabeni?
Kungekudala, xa i-SEC (iKhomishoni yezoKhuseleko kunye noTshintshiselwano) yagqiba ekubeni ihlolisise ukusebenza kwabarhwebi kunye nabenzi beemarike, ifumene into engalunganga ehamba kwiimarike.
I-PFOF esetyenziselwa ukugcina ukuthengiswa kweemarike kunye nokuphunyezwa ngokukhawuleza korhwebo ngabatyali-zimali abathengisayo isetyenziselwa inzuzo yomthengisi.
Ikhomishini ichaze ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba iifemu zokuthengisa zithumela ii-odolo zabasebenzisi bazo kubenzi bentengiso abanokuthi bahlawule eyona PFOF kunokuba bakhethe oyena menzi wentengiso kubatyali-zimali abathengisayo.
Kukwakho ingqiniseko yokuba abarhwebi bakhuthaza abasebenzisi ukuba barhwebe rhoqo kwimiqulu njengoko iya kubanceda ngokuthe ngqo ukuba bavelise iikhomishini ezininzi ngePFOF engekho mdla wabasebenzisi.
IiNzuzo zePFOF
Ayifani nePFOF yenzakalisa kuphela abatyali-mali okanye umdla wabo, kodwa kukho neenzuzo ezithile zokuyisebenzisa kwiimarike zemasheya.
Okokuqala, igcina ukuthengiseka kweemarike. Abarhwebi abancinci abangenawo amandla okuphatha iiodolo ezininzi banokugqithisela ezi odolo kubavelisi beemarike. Ngale nto, abenzi ngeniso kuphela kodwa basusa ukulibaziseka kwintengiselwano.
Ngokuhlawulisa ngaphezulu kwePFOF, abarhwebi kufuneka babonelele ngembuyekezo ngexesha okanye amaxabiso athotyiweyo ukujongana nokhuphiswano olumandla kwiimarike. Oku kunike amaxabiso aphuculweyo kubatyali-mali amaxesha ngamaxesha.
Ngokunyuka kwe-Liquidity ngenxa yokwenziwa ngokukhawuleza kwezorhwebo, i-bid-ask spread nayo yehla kwaye ekugqibeleni ixhamla abatyali-mali ekufumaneni izitokhwe zabo ngamaxabiso angcono.
Ukugxekwa
IRobinhood, ifem yorhwebo edumileyo e-US, ibisenza malunga ne-69 yezigidi zeedola ngo-2019, kodwa amanani adubule ukuya kuthi ga kwi-687 yezigidi zeedola ngonyaka ka-2020 ngePFOF. Oku kubonisa ngokucacileyo indlela iifemu zokuthengisa zenze imali eninzi ngolu hlobo.
Nangona ineenzuzo ezimbalwa, iPFOF ibisoloko iphantsi kweradar yeempikiswano. Iifemu ezininzi zokurhweba ezinikezela ngorhwebo lwe-zero-commission zihlala zihambisa iiodolo zabasebenzisi bazo kubenzi bemarike, nto leyo ibingeyomdla kubatyali-mali.
Ngokukodwa kwiinketho zorhwebo apho usasazo lungaphezulu kwe-equity eqhelekileyo okanye urhwebo lwamabala, iifemu zorhwebelwano bezibiza umyinge ophezulu wePFOF. Abatyali-mali abaninzi bade baxela ukuba urhwebo lwabo lwasimahla lwababiza iipeni ezithile njengoko bengakwazi ukufumana elona xabiso lilungileyo ngexesha lomyalelo wabo wawusenziwa.
Emva kokuhlalutya yonke imisebenzi yePFOF kunye neengxabano ezijikelezayo kulo mbandela, kulungile ukutsho ukuba iifemu ze-brokerage ziye zasebenzisa kakubi le mpawu. Ukuqala ngeenjongo zokugcina imali kunye nokugcina ixesha labatyali-mali, iPFOF ibe ngumgodi wegolide kwiifemu ezininzi zokuthengisa.
Ukuthetha malunga nabatyali-mali abangasebenziyo okanye abarhwebi abangasoloko berhweba kwimarike, kunokwenzeka ukuba abachatshazelwa kakhulu yiPFOF. Nangona kunjalo, abathengisi abaqhelekileyo abatyala imali kwi-volume kunye nenani elikhulu kufuneka babeke iliso ngokusondeleyo urhwebo lwabo kunye neefizi zePFOF ezibandakanyekayo kwiintengiselwano. Kufuneka kwakhona babone indlela yorhwebo lwabo kwaye ngowuphi umenzi wemarike owenza iiodolo zabo.
Nge-SEC izisa iinkxalabo ezahlukeneyo kunye nemibuzo yaba barhwebi, kuya kuba nomdla ukubona ukuba i-US iya kuqhubeka nokusebenzisa i-PFOF kwiimarike zemasheya okanye ivalwe njenge-Australia, iCanada, kunye ne-UK.
Shiya iMpendulo